Vol.:(0123456789) Optical and Quantum Electronics (2020) 52:241 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02368-8 1 3 Spin‑wave generation using MZI embedded plasmonic antennas for quantum communications A. Garhwal 1  · K. Ray 2  · A. E. Arumona 3,4,5  · G. K. Bharti 6  · I. S. Amiri 3,4  · P. Yupapin 3,4 Received: 29 February 2020 / Accepted: 17 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Spin wave generation formed by a soliton pulse within MZI embedded plasmonic antennas has been proposed. A soliton is the orthogonal (entangled) source that can be confgured as the vertical and horizontal components in the same way as the polarization components. A dark soliton of wavelength 1.55 µm is selected and fed into the MZI input. The dark- bright soliton pulse entered into the upper and lower branches to form uplink and downlink antennas. The whispering gallery mode (WGM) can be generated by controlling the two side ring phase modulators. The gold grating surface is excited by the WGM input form the circuit, from which the electric dipoles oscillated. The trapped electrons by soliton pulses transmitted. The dipole oscillation of the antennas identifed by plasma frequencies (Bragg wavelengths), which can form the spin-waves. The simulation programs are Opti- wave and Matlab programs, from which the used parameters are selected from the realistic device parameters. The simulation results obtained show that the transmission bandwidth of 600 GHz with the antenna directivity of 7.78, and 4.63 for the uplink and downlink respectively and antenna gain (power) of 1.13 dB, and 1.07 dB for the uplink and downlink respectively. The transmission signals and power stability are confrmed by the transmis- sion entanglement. The quantum sensor networks can also be applied, where the trend of the sensor sensitivity linearity is achieved. Keywords Spin-waves · Plasmonic antenna · Soliton communication · MZI · Microring resonator · Gold grating 1 Introduction Microring resonator (MRR) has been widely used for many areas of applications (Nordin (2016); Guo et al. 2018; Bogaerts et al. 2011; Cea et al. 2019), where the advantage is that it has a small size and can be integrated to form a small device. A promising work using a modifed MRR to form the antenna was reported (Meijerink et al. 2010), where the use of a microring circuit with three gold gratings embedded at the center ring was designed for the plasmonic antenna. The gold grating electrons are excited by the whispering gallery mode * P. Yupapin preecha.yupapin@tdtu.edu.vn Extended author information available on the last page of the article