©VIBROENGINEERING. VIBROENGINEERING PROCEDIA. NOVEMBER 2013. VOLUME 2. ISSN 2345-0533 103
Enhancement of Gear Fault Detection Using Narrowband
Interference Cancellation
J S Kang, X H Zhang, E Bechhoefer and H Z Teng
ENHANCEMENT OF GEAR FAULT DETECTION USING NARROWBAND INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION.
J S KANG, X H ZHANG, E BECHHOEFER AND H Z TENG
J S Kang
1
, X H Zhang
2
, E Bechhoefer
3
and H Z Teng
4
1, 2
Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, 050003, China
3
GPMS LLC, Cornwall, VT, USA
4
Maintenance Center, Lanzhou, 730060, China
E-mail: dynamicbnt@gmail.com
Abstract. The development of enhanced fault detection ability for gearbox systems has received considerable
attention in recent years. Detecting the gear fault easier is very important for maintenance action. This has driven
the need in research for enhanced gear fault detection method. The goal is to extract periodic impulse signal from
the very noise signal which mainly contains the narrowband signals. This can be done by enhancing the
impulsive signals while suppressing the narrowband signals. This paper used a new method, Narrowband
Interference Cancellation, to detect the gear fault. This method reserves the impulsive signal produced by gear
fault and removes the other signals out. The methodology is demonstrated on a gearbox run-to-failure test. The
results show that Narrowband Interference Cancellation can enable the gear fault detection easier.
1. Introduction
Gearbox is a key component in drive transmission systems, such as: mining machines, helicopters, and
wind turbines. Any defects in gearbox will lead to catastrophic failure and results in a loss of
production. So, detecting the gearbox defects as easy as possible to avoid fatal breakdowns of
machines and reduce the cost are essential. Vibration analysis is the general technology applied in
gearbox condition monitoring. Gear fault detection has been researched over many years. Many
features based on the time synchronous averaging (TSA) have been proposed and the detail
information can be found in [1]. Wang and Wong used autoregressive (AR) model to remove the
regular toothmesh pattern for enhancing the impulse signal produced by gear fault [2]. Endo and
Randall [3] proposed the use of minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) technique to enhance the
ability of the existing AR model based filtering technique to detect localized faults in gears. Under this
fundamental, some other revised AR models are also developed to detect the gear fault under constant
load [4, 5]. Then, Yang and Makis further developed a ARX model based gearbox fault detection and
localization under varying load conditions. This method considers load as additional information and
tests validated it can be used in real situations [6].
The main objective of AR model based filtering is to separate the deterministic signal and random
signal which produced by regular gear mesh and gear fault respectively. Li et al. [7] used the energy
ratio between the random components and the deterministic components as the feature for bearing
prognostics under varying load and speed condition. This property assumes when the bearing
operating condition varies, both the energy of deterministic parts and random parts will change in the
same direction. Therefore, the energy ratio will be more robust to the varying operating condition. In
order to validate this method in gear fault feature extraction under non-stationary condition, Zhang et
al. [8] conducted two gearbox test-to-failure experiments and extracted the energy ratio. The results
showed that energy ratio can effectively reflect the degradation trend in both stationary and
non-stationary condition. The comparison to some traditional features further explained the
effectiveness of this method. However, there is big room for researchers to develop more methods
which can be used to enhance the gear fault detection and reduce the missing detection ratio. Recently,
2
HePing West Road 97#, the sixth department of Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, China.