ISSN 1063-7842, Technical Physics, 2007, Vol. 52, No. 10, pp. 1306–1315. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2007.
Original Russian Text © G.Sh. Boltachev, N.B. Volkov, S.V. Dobrov, V.V. Ivanov, A.A. Nozdrin, S.N. Paranin, 2007, published in Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoœ Fiziki, 2007, Vol. 77,
No. 10, pp. 58–67.
1306
INTRODUCTION
Application of high pulsed magnetic fields in pow-
der compaction has been thoroughly studied to date.
Sandstrom [1] in 1964 pioneered electrodynamic com-
paction of powders in a tube that squeezes when sub-
jected to the pulsed magnetic field of the self-current
(the so-called Z-pinch scheme). Later, Mironov [2]
implemented the method of electrodynamic compac-
tion by tube expansion (a powder to be compacted is
placed between a soft metallic tube with a solenoid
inside and a rigid die mold. A high magnetic field of the
solenoid makes the tube expand in the radial direction,
thereby providing compaction.). Radial inductive com-
pression of metallic sheaths, known as Θ pinch, has
also found wide application [3]. Recently, pulsed mag-
netic methods have come into use for molding nanom-
eter-size powders [4–6]. Alumina compacts with void-
age θ less than 0.3 have been produced by uniaxial
compaction [4]. Because of the unusual properties of
nanopowders (strong particle–particle interaction and a
high surface energy), the pulsed magnetic method has
turned out to be more effective [5] than the conven-
tional static and shock-wave techniques of nanopowder
compaction.
A considerable insight into the processes attendant
on compaction of structurally inhomogeneous bodies
has been gained in terms of the plasticity theory [7–17].
In particular, it has been established [9–11] that not
only the geometrical factor (a decrease in the voidage)
determining the strain resistance but also the physical
factor (strain hardening of a porous body) plays a deci-
sive role at compaction. However, in spite of a consid-
erable step forward in the field of nanopowder compac-
tion, the today’s more or less rigorous and self-consis-
tent theories disagree with observations both
quantitatively and qualitatively.
In view of the aforesaid, we suggest a semiempiric
approach [18] in terms of which the free parameters of
the theory (hardening curve) are determined from
experimental data for pulsed uniaxial compaction of a
granulated medium (so-called compression adiabats).
Radial pulsed magnetic compaction (RPMC) of nanop-
owders, in the case of which the state of the granulated
medium is unobservable, is simulated. Calculation
results are compared with experimental data for the
final state of compacts.
1. EXPERIMENTAL
The characteristics of nanopowders that were sub-
jected to RPMC are listed in the table. Nanopowder
AM was obtained by electric explosion from Al +
1.3 wt%Mg alloy in the Institute of Electrophysics
(Yekaterinburg, Ural Division, Russian Academy of
Sciences) [19, 20]. To separate out coarse particles, the
powders were suspended in isopropyl alcohol. After
coarse particles had settled, the suspension was poured
off and evaporated. The resulting dry residue was
mechanically ground in an attrition mill. The bulk den-
sity of the powder thus processed increases by five to
six times, which greatly simplified its packing into a die
before molding. Powder α-AM was prepared from
Simulation of Radial Pulsed Magnetic Compaction
of a Granulated Medium in a Quasi-Static Approximation
G. Sh. Boltachev, N. B. Volkov, S. V. Dobrov, V. V. Ivanov,
A. A. Nozdrin, and S. N. Paranin
Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Amundsena 106, Yekaterinburg, 620016 Russia
e-mail: grey@iep.uran.ru
Received September 12, 2006
Abstract—Compression adiabats for alumina-based nanopowders are obtained experimentally, various condi-
tions of pulsed magnetic cylindrically symmetric radial compaction of the nanopowders are tested, and the den-
sity distribution in the compacted powders are measured. Using the compression adiabats obtained, quasi-static
compaction of a granulated (porous) medium, which is considered to be compact, is simulated. The conditions
of uniform and equilibrium compaction on a rigid rod are analyzed. The voidage distribution, stress tensor, and
amount of accumulated deformation are calculated. The features of nanopowder compaction, specifically, the
presence (absence) of voidage nonuniform radial distribution, are explained.
PACS numbers: 81.05.Rm, 81.20.Ev, 81.07.Wx
DOI: 10.1134/S106378420710009X
SOLIDS