Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Vol 11, Issue 3, Jul-Sep, 2018 141 Research Artcle www.ijopp.org DOI: 10.5530/ijopp.11.3.31 Address for correspondence: Dr. Prudence A. Rodrigues, Department of Pharmacy Practice, PSG College of Phar- macy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, INDIA. Phone no: 91 99525 82356 Email Id: ndayisamukvm@gmail. com A Systematic Review on the Clinical Outcomes of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Prudence A. Rodrigues*, Ndayishimye Samuel Department of Pharmacy Practice, PSG College of Pharmacy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, INDIA. ABSTRACT Context: clinical outcomes of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors can be benefcial for the patients in controlling high blood sugar it can also cause potential adverse effects Aim: The main objective of this study was to assess the risks and benefts of Dipeptidyl peptidase-4inhibitors (DPP-4I) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Method: systematical articles on Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were reviewed from the year 2015 up to 2017 from 3 databases such as: EMBASE, COCHRANE and MEDSCAPE and some diabetes associations, the main such were: DPP-4 inhibitor, incretin, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Vildagliptin, Sitagliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Alogliptin, 69 citations were included after screening for duplication and biased articles. Results: All DPP-4I are effcacious for improving blood glucose level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without causing hypoglycemic effects, and they can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents, Linagliptin offer uniqueness properties due to its non-renal excretion it improves microalbuminuria, whereas remaining DDP-4I cause a marginal changes on renal function, there is no hepatotoxicity among the DPP-4I no dose adjustment for Linagliptin, Sitagliptin, saxagliptin due non-hepatic excretion, only dose reduction is required for patients with minor hepatic functional impairment taking Vildagliptin and saxagliptin due to their partially elimination via liver,DPP-4I also protect patients for cardiovascular complications due its ability of reducing or maintaining the stability of body weight and lipid profle. They also show a low risk for increasing pancreatitis among T2DM and the others side effect were comparable less when compared to other anti-hyperglycemic agents. Conclusion: DPP-4I signifcantly control blood sugar level by decreasing glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, random blood sugar and they are not associated with hypoglycemic events they also minimize cardiovascular complications by reducing fats and weight in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, in addition DPP-4I helps in renal and liver protection. Over all, DPP-4I reduce morbidity and mortality rate among T2DM patients. Key words: DPP-4I, T2DM, Incretin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin, Alogliptin. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or body does not respond to the produced insulin. 1 Early symptoms of DM are frequent urination, increased thirst, hunger, excessive fatigue, loss or gain of weight and slow healing of wound. 2-4 Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with end organ damage, dysfunction, and failure in organs and tissues including the retina, kidney, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. 5 A large number of diabetic patient die from cardiovascular complications such as: stroke, ischemic heart diseases, 6-10 in the last three decades the incidence of diabetes mellitus has boosted from 30 million in 1985 to 425 million in 2018, and it is set to reach 629 million by 2045 When it is not appropriately managed. 11-13 In India, DM is the second highest prevalent disease approximately 1 into 10 in Indian population has DM 14-18 the desired general goals of the treatment of diabetes are to avoid acute metabolic decompensation, prevent or delay the appearance of late disease complications, decrease mortality, and maintain a good quality of life. As for chronic complications of the disease, it is clear that good control of glycemia makes it possible to reduce the incidence of microvascular complications