Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
Original article 555
1060-152X Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000653
Hoverboard injuries in children and adolescents: results
of a multicenter study
Pooya Hosseinzadeh
a
, Clarabelle Devries
a
, Roger E. Saldana
b
,
Susan A. Scherl
c
, Lindsay M. Andras
d
, Mathew Schur
d
, Franklin D. Shuler
f
,
Megan Mignemi
g
, Arya Minaie
a
, Alice Chu
h
, Eric D. Fornari
i
, Steven L. Frick
e
,
Michelle S. Caird
j
, Anthony I. Riccio
k
, Kristen Pierz
l
, Christos Plakas
m
and Martin J. Herman
n
With the increasing popularity of hoverboards in recent
years, multiple centers have noted associated orthopaedic
injuries of riders. We report the results of a multi-center
study regarding hoverboard injuries in children and
adolescents. Children who presented with extremity
fractures while riding hoverboards to 12 paediatric
orthopaedic centers during a 2-month period were
included in the study. Circumstances of the injury, location,
severity, associated injuries, and the required treatment
were recorded and analysed using descriptive analysis
to report the most common injuries. Between-group
differences in injury location were examined using chi-
squared statistics among (1) children versus adolescents
and (2) males versus females. Seventy-eight patients
(M/F ratio: 1.8) with average age of 11 ± 2.4 years were
included in the study. Of the 78 documented injuries, upper
extremity fractures were the most common (84.6%) and
the most frequent fracture location overall was at the distal
radius and ulna (52.6%), while ankle fractures comprised
most of the lower extremity fractures (66.6%). Majority
of the distal radius fractures (58.3%) and ankle fractures
(62.5%) were treated with immobilization only. Seventeen
displaced distal radius fractures and three displaced ankle
fractures were treated with closed reduction in the majority
of cases (94.1% versus 66.7%, respectively). The distal
radius and ulna are the most common fracture location.
Use of appropriate protective gear such as wrist guards,
as well as adult supervision, may help mitigate the
injuries associated with the use of this device; however,
further studies are necessary to demonstrate the real
effectiveness of these preventions. J Pediatr Orthop B
28:555–558 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 2019, 28:555–558
Keywords: closed reduction, fractures, hoverboard, immobilization
a
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis Children’s Hospital,
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri,
b
Baptist Children’s Hospital, Miami,
Florida,
c
University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska,
d
Children’s Hospital of
Los Angeles, Los Angeles,
e
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford
University, Palo Alto, California,
f
Marshall University Orthopaedic Surgery,
Huntington, West Virginia,
g
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee,
h
NYU Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
New York,
i
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York,
j
Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
k
Texas
Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, Texas,
l
Connecticut Children’s Hospital, Hartford,
Connecticut,
m
Monmouth Medical Center, Long Beach, New Jersey and
n
St. Christopher Children’s Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Correspondence to Pooya Hosseinzadeh, MD, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, Washington University,
1 Children’s Place, Suite 4S60, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Tel: +1 314 607 2409; fax: +1 314 454 4562;
e-mail: hosseinzadehp@wustl.edu
Introduction
Hoverboards are self-balancing two-wheeled boards that
have become popular recreational devices in the past few
years. In 2015, over 2.5 million hoverboards were sold in
the US [1]. As this device has become more ubiquitous,
so have injuries associated with its use. A review of the
National Electronic Injury Surveillance System reported
47 277 injuries related to hoverboard use between 2011
and 2015, with an average 208% increase in injuries in
2015 [2]. There have also been scattered reports on mus-
culoskeletal injuries associated with hoverboards. One
case series reported on 13 Seymour fractures of the hand
in association with misuse of hoverboards [3]. Another
case series reported on 35 patients presenting to out-
patient paediatric orthopaedic clinics with hoverboard
associated injuries and found upper extremity injuries
in 88.9% of patients with 93.6% of these injuries being
fractures [4]. Although it seems that hoverboard use
may result in signifcant musculoskeletal injury, prior
investigations have included relatively small numbers of
patients and have provided little detail on injury severity
or management.
The purpose of this study is to report on orthopaedic
injuries associated with hoverboard use in children and
adolescents presenting to 12 paediatric medical centers.
Information was collected regarding injury location
and treatment required in order to better understand
severity of injury. By characterizing the nature and
severity of hoverboard related injuries in a broader,
national population, we aim to elucidate measures to
prevent orthopaedic injury and formulate generalizable
recommendations.