Microprobing of interfacial behavior of solid polymers
by means of normal mechanical contacts
Y. S. Garif, W. W. Gerberich, C. W. Macosko and A. Pocius
1
Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN 55455 U.S.A.
1
3M Company, Adhesive Technologies Center
St. Paul, MN 55144 U.S.A.
ABSTRACT
Adhesion properties of acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives were examined by means of normal
(JKR) contact at room temperature. Cylindrically shaped samples were synthesized in capillary
tubes in presence of a cross-linking agent in order to obtain an elastic response. The results reveal
power law increase of adhesion at higher rates of interfacial separation. Transition from low- to
high-power is revealed and explained as a result of bulk shielding of interfacial fracture mechanism.
Further results will be available soon. Bulk viscoelastic dissipation and molecular interactions at the
interface are thought to jointly govern this behavior.
INTRODUCTION
The adhesion energy of interfaces between dissimilar polymer materials exerts a critical
influence on numerous problems of technological importance
1,2
, particularly the adhesive bond
strength of pressure-sensitive adhesives
3
. In order to characterize interfacial fracture in these types
of systems, a practicable contact mechanics formulation (JKR)
4
was used to interpret raw data. The
technique monitors evolution of a normal contact
5
between soft polymer samples during slow
loading and unloading. Analysis of experimental measurements and observations focuses on rate-
dependence of polymer adhesion
6
. The goal is to expand conceptual understanding
7,8
of the
adhesion behavior of polymers by examining the interplay of viscoelastic effects in the bulk and
chain rearrangement at the interface.
THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
The adhesion test used in this study utilizes normal contact between two polymer cylinders of a
known diameter. Crossed at 90
o
, they are slowly pressed against each other and then separated at a
specified rate. The test monitors dynamics of interfacial formation and separation
9,10
by recording
both load and area of contact during loading/unloading. In order to analyze the raw data, the JKR
theory
11
was used as a better fit for soft contacts than other contact mechanical theories
12,13,14
.
DD7.5.1 Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 710 © 2002 Materials Research Society