IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 2021;7(2):178–180
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IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
Journal homepage: www.ijced.org/
Short Communication
Skin writometer: A novel instrument for assessing provocation threshold in
patients with symptomatic dermographism
Kiran Godse
1,
*, Gauri Godse
2
, Anant Patil
3
1
Dept. of Dermatology, DY Patil Deemed to be University, School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2
Shree Skin centre, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3
Dept of Pharmacology, DY Patil Deemed to be University, School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received 18-03-2021
Accepted 20-04-2021
Available online 26-05-2021
Keywords:
instrument
Symptomatic dermographism
Usefulness
ABSTRACT
Symptomatic dermographism, a type of physical urticaria is a common condition affecting patient’s quality
of life. For its diagnosis, clinicians in India currently use tip of the ball point pen for estimating the
provocation threshold. However, because of single tip of fixed length, ball point pen can-not differentiate
between different grades of symptomatic dermographism. With variations in the intensity of stroke,
there is a possibility of even missing the diagnosis. Hence, there is a need of a better method to
diagnose symptomatic dermographism and determine the provocation threshold. Skin writometer, a plastic
instrument with three arms of varying length can be novel in this regards. This instrument is simple, user
friendly, easy to use and inexpensive. It can be used for diagnosis as well as assessment of treatment
response in patients with symptomatic dermographism.
© This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
1. Introduction
Physical urticaria is a diverse group of determinable
conditions in which patients suffer from a chronic
predisposition to develop localized or generalized urticaria
upon contact with physical stimuli. Mechanical, thermal
or electromagnetic stimuli can produce these responses.
It accounts for nearly 20% to 30% of cases of chronic
urticaria.
1
Dermatographism can be simple or symptomatic.
2
Simple dermatographism, a natural physiological response
to physical stimuli is reported in about 1.5-5% healthy
people.
1,2
On the other hand, symptomatic dermographism,
can result in symptoms such as itching and burning
due to wheal and flare response after slight pressure.
1,2
Symptomatic dermographism can impair the quality of
life.
3,4
The severity of symptomatic dermographism differs
among individuals.
3
* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: drgodse@hotmail.com (K. Godse).
1.1. Current method for diagnosis of dermographism
and its limitation
Conventionally, the diagnosis is made by stroking the
skin with a wooden tongue blade
2
or a ballpoint pen
with an empty refill.
1
Use of ballpoint pen with empty
refill is associated with some limitations in clinical
practice. The length of the tip of ballpoint pen is
fixed. Hence, the intensity of the stroke produced can
be variable. Moreover, with traditional single stroke,
there is chance of missing the diagnosis.
1
Estimation
of provocation threshold i.e. the lowest level of shear
force required to produce a positive wheal response is
difficult with instruments with single tips/arms. The other
methods to diagnose symptomatic dermographism include
Dermographic tester, a spring-loaded dermographometer
and Fric Test.
3
Dermographic tester also has only one
tip
5
whereas Fric Test dermographometer is not available in
India.
6
Considering the limitation of current method, a user
friendly, simple but inexpensive method of eliciting
https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2021.035
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