Ethics, Medicine and Public Health (2020) 14, 100499
Available online at
ScienceDirect
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STUDIES
The impact of interrogation stress on
compliance and suggestibility in U.S.
military special operations personnel
L’impact du stress de l’interrogation sur la conformité et la suggestibilité du
personnel des opérations spéciales militaires des États-Unis
C.A. Morgan III (MD MA)
a,*
, J. Dule (MA, MS)
a
,
Y.G. Rabinowitz (PhD)
b
a
Department of National Security, University of New Haven, CT 06516 United States
b
U.S. Navy (Marine Corps Special Operations Command), Camp Lejeune, NC
Received 3 March 2020; accepted 11 March 2020
KEYWORDS
Dissociation;
False memories;
Interrogation
methods;
Suggestibility;
Survival school
Summary The present study was performed to test whether acute stress exposure would
significantly increase human compliance and suggestibility. One hundred active duty military
participants enrolled in military survival school training were randomized to receive the Gud-
jonsson Compliance and Suggestibility Scales (GCS and GSS) prior to, during or after exposure
to interrogation stress. All participants were also assessed prior to, and after stress exposure
for symptoms of dissociation. Stress exposure significantly increased compliance in individuals
who exhibited a pre-stress propensity to dissociation; stress exposure significantly increased
suggestibility. These data support the view that some individuals are more likely than oth-
ers to experiencing an increase in compliance and in suggestibility if exposed to interrogation
stress. These data also suggest that individuals who are vulnerable to stress induced increases
in suggestibility and compliance can be identified using psychological measures of dissociation.
© 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Abbreviations: SERE, Survival Evasion Resistance and Escape; GSS, Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale; GCS, Gudjonsson Compliance Scale;
CADSS, Clinician Assessed Dissociative Symptom Scale.
*
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: cmorgan@newhaven.edu (C.A. Morgan III).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100499
2352-5525/© 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.