International Journal of INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING ISSN:2147-67992147-6799 www.ijisae.org Original Research Paper International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering IJISAE, 2022, 10(3s), 33–39 | 33 Securing IoT system Access Control using Blockchain-Based Approach Umar M Mulani 1 , Dr. Manoj Patil 2 Submitted: 06/09/2022 Accepted: 26/12/2022 Abstract: There are many reasons to be concerned about the safety and privacy of the Internet of Things (IoT), given its decentralised design and rapid growth. Controlling who can enter a building is a pressing concern. Centralized systems have low scalability and availability, which could cause a bottleneck in performance. This study introduces a novel approach to controlling the distribution of lightweight, decentralised, secure access management of an Internet of Things (IoT) system by combining a multi-agent system and a blockchain. To protect IoT access control and facilitate secure communication between local IoT devices, the proposed method proposes the development of Blockchain Managers (BCMs). In addition, the innovation enables safe connections between fog nodes, Internet of Things gadgets, and cloud servers. Keywords: IoT, cloud computing, blockchain, and access control. 1. Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent advancement in Internet functionality that enables disparate electronic gadgets to communicate and share data with one another. To rephrase, "the Internet of Things" (IoT) refers to a system of interconnected electronic gadgets. Because each device has its own identifier and can talk to other devices, it enables people and organizations to connect and make crucial strategic decisions. Although the improvements brought about by the Internet of Things (IoT) will improve people's quality of life, there are a number of security concerns that must be addressed, such as those related to system configuration, access control, information storage and management. Security and privacy issues are a major problem for the Internet of Things. Heterogeneity [2] is a key feature of the Internet of Things that creates security concerns. The fundamental objective of the proposed method is to secure the entire IoT architecture, which includes cloud computing, fog nodes, and the communication between IoT devices. The results of this study can be broken down into the following categories: A novel blockchain-based architecture for securing an IoT system is the primary contribution of this study. The technique makes use of a multi-agent system with a decentralised access control mechanism. Among the many Internet of Things (IoT) applications that can benefit from the blockchain technology we developed require a high degree of portability, scalability, and general-purposes. Our approach is unique in that it uses a private hierarchical blockchain to guarantee the security of each layer of an IoT architecture while also allowing for a massive reduction in traffic overheads by adopting a lightweight consensus mechanism tailored to IoT needs and facilitated by mobile agent software (MAC). In this paper's second section, we look at IoT's current access control architecture. Blockchain technology and its use in the IoT are introduced briefly in Section 3. The literature review is presented in Section 4. The suggested architecture is described in depth in Section 5. Section 6 wraps up the paper and looks ahead to potential lines of inquiry. 2. Background of Access Control System in IoT 2.1. Access Control in IoT AC is the authentication and authorization of communication rights and resource access in compliance with security standards and regulations [4]. The process of allowing resources access to certified organizations by specified regulations is known as authorization control (AC). ____________________________________________________________ 1 Research Scholar, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam University Indore-India Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sharad Institute of Technology, College of Engineering, Kolhapur, India. umar.mulani@gmail.com 2 Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam University Indore-India. mepatil@gmail.com