~ 115 ~ International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences 2022; 8(3): 115-118 E-ISSN: 2395-1958 P-ISSN: 2706-6630 IJOS 2022; 8(3): 115-118 © 2022 IJOS www.orthopaper.com Received: 07-05-2022 Accepted: 12-07-2022 Ahmad K Almigdad MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan Sattam A Alazaydeh MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan Mohammad S Bani Mustafa MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan Mu'men I Alshawish MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan Hamza A Alfukaha MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan Corresponding Author: Ahmad K Almigdad MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan A review of proximal femur fracture patterns, etiologies and sociodemographic features Ahmad K Almigdad, Sattam A Alazaydeh, Mohammad S Bani Mustafa, Mu'men I Alshawish and Hamza A Alfukaha DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2022.v8.i3b.3189 Abstract Objectives: To identify the frequency and patterns of proximal femur fractures in a tertiary center in Jordan to aid in the identification of the requirement of the orthopedic department and assist in the future planning for founding country-based preventive and treatment guidelines. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 706 proximal femur fractures admitted from July 2018 to December 2021 at King Hussein Medical City in Amman, the capital of Jordan. Fractures were assessed concerning age, gender, mechanism of injury and variation over the years. Results: Proximal femoral fractures account for one-fifth of all orthopedic hospital admissions. Females represented most patients (60.9%) and the left side was most affected (52.1%). Intertrochanteric fractures were the most common, followed by intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck; both accounted for about 90% of all fractures. Patients with femoral neck fractures are ten years younger than the intertrochanteric group. Falling from the floor was the most common cause. Fractures of the proximal femur occur in elderly patients with a mean age of 70.81 years (±18.97). However, femoral head and hip dislocation occur in young patients. We notice an annual increase in the number of admissions. Conclusions: Proximal femur fractures are the leading cause of hospitalizations in the orthopedic department. This study provides information on proximal femur fractures in Jordan. However, multicenter studies are needed to evaluate proximal femur fractures adequately, provide guidelines for treating and preventing these injuries and determine our institute's supply needs. Keywords: Femur, intertrochanteric, femur neck, fractures, Jordan, trauma Introduction Proximal femur fractures are the leading cause of hospital admission and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity [1] . Although proximal femur fractures are more common in older patients and can occur with simple falls, they are caused by high-energy injury in young individuals [2] . However, they have adverse functional outcomes and a significant socioeconomic impact [3, 4] . The proximal femur includes the femoral head, neck, intertrochanteric and sub-trochanteric regions [5] . However, each fracture pattern varies in its prognosis and treatment. Treatment of the proximal fractures varies according to the fracture pattern, anatomical location, presence of pathology, age of the patients and physical activity level [6] . The same fracture pattern might be treated in different methods according to previous parameters and the bioavailability of orthopedic implants [7] . The proximal femur is a common site for metastasis and might result in pathological fractures, which may require different treatment from non-pathological fractures [8, 9] . In this review, we evaluated proximal femur fractures regarding their frequency, etiology, age distribution and gender. Therefore, we can identify the orthopedic department's requirements and assist in the future planning for founding country-based preventive and treatment guidelines. Materials and Methods This retrospective study reviewed the clinical and radiological records of all proximal femur fractures admitted to the Royal Rehabilitation Center at King Hussein Medical City (KHMC)