Journal of Morphological Sciences Vol. 40/2023 220 Journal of Morphological Sciences J Morphol Sci Brazilian Society of Anatomy Original Artcle J Morphol Sci 2023;40:220-224 Comparative Study and Significance of the N asal Morphometry Among the Ibibio and Bini Tribes in Southern Nigeria Dayo Rotimi Omotoso 1 , Ita-Okon Bassey 2 1 Department of Human Anatomy, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria 2 Department of Anatomy, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria Disclose and conflicts of interest: none to be declared by all authors ABSTrACT Introduction: the nasal morphometry is an integral part of cephalometry which has been described as second most reliable indicator of sexual differences after pelvimetry. Other applications include reconstructive surgery and ergonomics. This study a aied ae he aa he f he Bii ad Ibibi ibe i She Nigeia ad i igicace£ Methods: this study involved 300 adult Bini and 300 adult Ibibio tribes of Southern Nigeria. The nasal length and width of subjects were evaluated using appropriate anatomical landmarks. The nasal index was calculated as the percentage ratio of nasal width to the nasal length and the nasal morphological distribution was assessed among the study population. results: he ea aa egh f ae Bii ,M£+0 ± ,£B! ad Ibibi ,,£!7 ± M£X, a igica <0£07 highe ha feae Binis (42.45 ± 5.75) and Ibibios (39.77 ± 5.93) respectively. Similarly, the mean nasal width of the male Binis (42.14 ± 6.35) and Ibibi !c£7! ± B£7B a igica <0£07 highe ha he feae Bii !M£7! ± 7£BX ad Ibibi !,£B6 ± 7£,7 eecie£ The nasal indices of the male Binis (90.55 ± 5.66) and Ibibios (88.95 ± 4.22) and female Binis (87.95 ± 4.13) and Ibibios (86.17 ± 4.57) respectively showed the dominance of platyrrhine nasal morphology among the study population. Conclusion: aide he aicai f aa he i he feic ideicai ad eccie geie ag he study population, it would serve as a source of crucial anthropometric parameters in ergonomic design and production of face or medical masks and respirators. Keywords: Nasal morphometry; Forensic Science; Ergonomics; Southern Nigeria. DOI: 10.51929/jms.40.220.2023 ISSN 2177-0298 Introducton Physical anthropometry can be described as the art and study of measurements of human body dimensions in living individuals or skeletal remains. Among the diverse branches of physical anthropometry is cephalometry which entails evaluation of dimensions of the whole or parts of the cranial region 1-3 . The application of cephalometry has been indicated in forensic and medical diagnostic procedures especially orthodontics, reconstructive surgeries and forensic science 4,5 . Generally, variations in physical identity of different population can be primarily linked to their variable cephalometric morphologies 6 . The major determinants of these variations in human physical morphologies within or across different tribes or population include gender, tribe, age and geographical location 7-9 . In essence, cephalometric parameters can be used to distinguish gender in different age groups within the same or different tribes and in the same or different geographical locations. The most vital cephalometric features used for the aforementioned applications are the facial morphometric characteristics of an individual which include the nasal morphometry 10-12 . The nose is the part of the respiratory tract which lies superior to the hard palate and contains the peripheral part of the olfactory system. 13 It is composed of the external nose and the nasal cavity, which is divided into the right and left cavities by a median dermacation known as the nasal septum 13,14 . The external nose is the prominent part that projects from the face and contributes to the identity of an individual. Therefore, the nose is an anatomical feature that can be of importance during forensic identifcation of an individual. In addition, due to the central facial positioning of the nose, the nasal morphology contributes prominently to the level of beauty or handsomeness of an individual 15 . Hence, the nose is a vital feature in facial aesthetics and reconstructive surgeries like rhinoplasty 16 . The cartilaginous and bony components of the supporting framework of the nose determine the nasal shapes and sizes in different individuals 17 . The shapes and sizes of the nose in turn constitute the bases of variation in the nasal morphology of different individuals. The nasal morphometry can be described as the study of the physical morphology and dimensions of the nose and their applications. The fve different types