Sustainable Energy, 2013, Vol. 1, No. 2, 26-31
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/rse/1/2/3
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/rse-1-2-3
Numerical Simulation for Achieving Optimum
Dimensions of a Solar Chimney Power Plant
M. Ghalamchi
1,*
, M. Ghalamchi
2
, T. Ahanj
3
1
Department of Energy Engineering, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Faculty of New Sciences &Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
Faculty of Nuclear Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding author: Mehrdad.Ghalamchi.mech@gmail.com
Received November 01, 2013; Revised November 23, 2013; Accepted December 05, 2013
Abstract Renewable energies are playing a fundamental role in supplying energy, as these kinds of energies can
be clean, low carbon and sustainable. Solar chimney power plant is a novel technology for electricity production
from solar energy. A solar chimney power plant derives its mechanical power from the kinetic power of the hot air
which rises through a tall chimney, the air being heated by solar energy through a transparent roof surrounding the
chimney base. The performance evaluation of solar chimney power plant was done by FLUENT software by
changing three parameters including collector slope, chimney diameter and entrance gap of collector. The results
were validated with the solar chimney power plant which was constructed in Zanajn, Iran with 12 m height, 10 m
collector radius and 10 degree Collector angle. By simulation and numerical optimization of many cases with
dimensional variations, increasing 300 to 500 percent of chimney velocity and eventually increasing output power of
system was observed in different cases.
Keywords: renewable energy, solar chimney, numerical simulation, Zanjan
Cite This Article: M. Ghalamchi, M. Ghalamchi, and T. Ahanj, “Numerical Simulation for Achieving
Optimum Dimensions of a Solar Chimney Power Plant.” Sustainable Energy 1, no. 2 (2013): 26-31. doi:
10.12691/rse-1-2-3.
1. Introduction
According to the shortage of the current energy
resources and increasing the global energy demand and
also, regarding to this reality that the energy obtained of
the fossil fuels is environment damaging and
nonrenewable, the demand of achieving a technology for
exploitation of clean and renewable energies is sensed.
Solar chimney power plant is one of the proper options for
using the clean energy resources. The solar chimney
technology is designed for preparing energy in large scales.
In this type of power plant, the solar energy and
subsequently the air movement are used. The air flow
cause turbine rotation and the rotation is converted to
electrical energy by a generator.
The conceptual design of solar chimney power plants
was first propounded by professor Schaich in 1978 [1].
Before 1980, the system was built as an experimental
sample in Manzanares, Spain [2]. The chimney diameter,
collector radius, and height of the sample were 10 m, 122
m, and 194.6 m, respectively. The maximum output power
of the system reached to 41 KW in September, 1982.
Since then, many researchers became interested in this
work and studied the related technologies for the high
potential and vast applications of solar chimney power
plants. Yan et al. [3] and Padki and Sherif [4] have done
some of the Preliminary study on the thermo-fluid
analysis of a solar chimney power plant. In 1983, Krisst
built a 10 W, 6 m collector diameter, 10 m height chimney
in US [5]. In 1997, a chimney was built in Florida
University and the plan was optimized for two times [6].
In aspect of small scales, a model with 0.14 W outlet
power, 3.5 cm chimney radius, 2 m height, and 9 m
2
collector areas was built by Klink, Turkey [7].
Pretorius andKröger [8], Ninic [9], Onyango and
Ochieng [10] investigated the influence of a developed
convective heat transfer equation, more accurate turbine
inlet loss coefficient, quality of collector roof glass, and
various types of soil on the performance of a solar
chimney power plant. Ming et al. [11] evaluated the
temperature and pressure fields for air in solar chimney
power plant. More investigation and simulations have
been carried out by Lodhi [12], Bernardes et al. [13],
Bernardes et al. [14], von Backstro ¨mand Gannon [15],
Gannon and von Backstro¨m [16], Pastohr et al. [17],
Schlaich et al. [18], Bilgen and Rheault [19].
The efficiency of solar chimney power plant was
investigated according to the previous works. Since the
practical measurements are much difficult, the simulation
methods would be much easier for efficiency prediction of
the different models of solar chimneys. Generally
speaking, different combinations of chimney and collector
dimensions can be built for purpose of electrical power
production. Considering the cost reduction, that is much
important that the optimized combination of chimney-
collector dimensions would be known for the prediction.