IMPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY - 153
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY -
A CASE STUDY OF BADDI-BAROTIWALA INDUSTRIAL BELT,
DISTT. SOLAN, HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA
KAMALDEEP, MADHURI S. RISHI, NARESH KOCHHAR AND NIBEDITA GHOSH
Department of Environment Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Key words: Industrialization, Industrial pollution, Fluoride contamination, Quality assessment
(Received 10 June 2011; accepted 15 July 2011)
ABSTRACT
The present study endeavors to identify the groundwater contamination problems in Baddi-Barotiwala
Industrial belt of District Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. The dense unplanned industrial establish-
ments have negatively affected the groundwater quality in the study area. Groundwater samples from
44 different locations and sources were collected and subjected to standard analytical techniques for
physico-chemical analysis. The results obtained were compared with the Bureau of Indian Standards
(BIS: IS: 10500, 2003) guidelines for drinking water suitability in relation to possible health hazards.
From the heavy metal analysis it can be inferred that high concentrations of Fe, Cu, Pb and Mn has
rendered the groundwater unsuitable for drinking purposes. The disposal of untreated effluents from
various industrial units may be the source of groundwater contamination in the area of concern. It is
indicative that the quality of groundwater is deteriorating with the ever increasing menace of industri-
alization in this solace of heavenly abode.
INTRODUCTION
Water constitutes 50-97% of the weight of all plants
and animals and about 70% of the weight of human
body and hence is essential for the survival of all forms
of life on earth (Buchholz, 1998). Due to increasing
contamination and scarcity of surface water resources,
a major stress has been shifted to groundwater re-
sources. Despite its importance, water is the most
poorly managed resource in the world (Fakayode,
2005). In many countries, the wastewater is released
into rivers, lakes and other water bodies. This further
leads to many environmental issues including
*Address for correspondence : Email : kamaldeep07@gmail.com
Jr. of Industrial Pollution Control 27(2)(2011) pp 153-159
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Printed in India. All rights reserved
eutrophication, depletion of dissolved oxygen fish
mortality (Rosenberg, 1985). Therefore, the unchecked
and uncontrolled disposal of wastewater into water
bodies is degrading the water resources and ulti-
mately affects the public health. Water pollution be-
comes a serious concern when it involves poisoning
of drinking water. With increasing population and
growing industrial practices, no natural resource has
given rise to deeper concern than good clean water.
With the advent of industrialization not only surface
water but ground water has also been degraded up to
a level at which it has become unsuitable for human
consumption. Due to recent industrialization and ever