Research Article PCR Detection of HHV8 DNA in the Saliva of Removable Denture Wearers Compared to Dentate Cases in Shiraz, South of Iran Reza Derafshi, 1 Jannan Ghapanchi, 2 Fahimeh Rezazadeh, 3 Mohammad Hasan Kalantari , 1 Amir Mosahebi Naeeni, 4 Mitra Farzin, 1 and Afagh Moattari 5 1 Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3 Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 4 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 5 Department of Microbiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Mohammad Hasan Kalantari; kalantarim@sums.ac.ir Received 27 November 2019; Revised 19 January 2020; Accepted 2 March 2020; Published 16 April 2020 Academic Editor: Frederick D. Quinn Copyright © 2020 Reza Derafshi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background and aim. Removable dentures may act as reservoir for pathogens that can cause serious infections. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is an oncogenic virus that was found in the saliva more than genital secretions. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate HHV8 in the saliva of patients with removable dentures. Method and material. In this cross-sectional study from March-July 2019, saliva samples were collected from 50 denture wearers as a case group and 50 ages and gender matched dentate subjects as a control. Whole-mouth saliva, parotid saliva, buccal, and palatal exfoliates were collected and processed for HHV8-DNA amplification by nested PCR. A confirmatory real-time PCR was also performed in order to prevent false result. Result. In the denture wearers, HHV8 DNA was detected in 11 cases. Two of the controls amplified HHV8 DNA. Fisher’s exact test demonstrates a significant difference between virus infection and using removable dentures (p =0:015). Conclusion. Our findings suggested that HHV8 detection could be associated with use of denture. 1. Introduction The oral microbial flora is highly diverse; it mainly consists of bacteria and fungi. It is clear that changing of normal flora can promote oral disease process because these microorgan- isms play important roles in preventing colonization of path- ogenic agents [1, 2]. Special anatomical and physiological properties of the oral cavity make it a desirable location for pathogen growth. The saliva droplet oropharyngeal secretion spread the microor- ganisms through sneezing, coughing, speaking, or breathing [3, 4]. Due to significant relationship between oral microbi- ota and numerous systemic diseases, in addition to role of general and oral hygiene maintenance in colonization of microorganisms associated with these infections, the impact of evaluating these pathogens is more clear [5]. Oral health is a reflection of one’s general health [3, 6], and its status declines with age [7]. It has been recognized that the oral status of older people can impact on their general health, quality of life, and well-being [8]. Adults used complete or partial dentures in order to replace missing teeth. Use of removable dentures may cause some variations in the oral microbial flora. In many cases, this condition tends to cause denture-related stomatitis [9]. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) is an oncogenic virus that can cause Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and lymphoproliferative diseases such as primary effusion lymphoma and multi- centric Castleman disease [10]. In a study of Kaposi’s sarcoma case body fluids, HHV8 was found in the saliva more than genital secretions and the titers in saliva were higher than semen [11]. A research showed that HHV8-associated lymphoma was detected in Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2020, Article ID 9358947, 6 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9358947