Mal J Med Health Sci 14(1): 45-55, Jan. 2018 45 Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences (ISSN 1675-8544) Original Article Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices Regarding Tuberculosis and Its Predictors among HIV Patients in General Hospital, Minna, North-Central, Nigeria Chindo Ibrahim Bisallah¹, Lekhraj Rampal¹, Sherina Mohd Sidik 1 , Zubairu Iliyasu 2 , Munn-Sann Lye 3 , Michael Ochigbo Onyilo 4 1 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 1 Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Department of Community Medicine and Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Bayero University Kano, Gwarzo Rd, Kano, Nigeria 3 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 4 Niger State Agency for Control of AIDS, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria ABSTRACT Introduction: Tuberculosis is the commonest cause of death among HIV patients in Nigeria. Though tuberculosis is common among HIV patients, their knowledge about transmission and prevention is poor. Objective: To determine knowledge, attitude and preventive practices regarding tuberculosis and its predictors among HIV patients receiving treatment. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out involving 226 randomly selected HIV patients receiving care at General Hospital, Minna. Study duration was from June 2015 to July 2017. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, knowledge, attitude and preventive practices regarding tuberculosis was collected using a self-administered, WHO modified, pretested and validated questionnaires. Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: Out of 226 respondents, 60(26.5%) had poor knowledge, 123(54.4%) had negative attitude and 48(21.2%) had poor preventive practices regarding tuberculosis. The predictors of knowledge were age (B=0.087, 95%CI=0.031, 0.143, p=0.002), depression (B=-0.444, 95%CI=-0.673,-0.214, p<0.001) monthly income (B=-0.058, 95%CI=-0.095, -0.021, p=0.002) and marital status (B=-1.276, 95%CI=-2.525,-0.025, P=0.046). The predictors of attitude were anxiety (B=-0.395, 95%CI=-0.584, -0.206, p<0.001), cigarette smoking (B=4.473, 95%CI=0.992, 7.954, p=0.012) and duration of HIV infection (B=0.371, 95%CI=0.110, 0.631, p=0.005). The predictors of practice were depression (B=-0.176, 95%CI=-0.276, -0.076, p=0.001), cigarette smoking (B=2.200, 95%CI=0.926, 3.474, p=0.001) and duration of HIV infection (B=0.098, 95%CI=0.003, 0.194, p=0.043). Conclusion: Overall, knowledge and practices regarding tuberculosis prevention were good, but attitude was poor. The predictors of knowledge, attitude and preventive practices were age, depression, anxiety, cigarette smoking, monthly income, marital status and duration of HIV infection. Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice Corresponding Author: Chindo Ibrahim Bisallah E-mail: chindoibro@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis is a disease of major public health concern and the leading cause of death in people living with HIV/ AIDS (1). It is the most common opportunistic infection among HIV-infected persons (2). The probability of developing tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons is much higher than those that are HIV negative (3), mainly because of their immune compromised status. Tuberculosis is a major health challenge worldwide, but most importantly in sub-Saharan Africa where there is a significant upsurge of the disease because of the HIV epidemic (4). Globally, in 2015 an estimated 1.2 million, representing 11% of all new tuberculosis cases were recorded among people living with HIV. Additionally, 400,000 deaths occurred due to TB among people living with HIV (5). HIV is the most important risk factor in the activation of latent TB and the development of active tuberculosis among people living with HIV (6). Nigeria