Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Vol. 3(5), pp. 204-209, May 2011
Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/jphe
ISSN 2141-2316 ©2011 Academic Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Knowledge of hypertension among the staff of
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Ali Arazeem Abdullahi
1
and Jimoh Amzat
2
1
Department of Sociology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
2
Department of Sociology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Accepted 26 March, 2011
Several lines of evidence have suggested that hypertension and its related complications are major
health problems not only in Nigeria but the entire world. Thus, this study examined the awareness
about the risk factors and complications associated with hypertension at the University of Ibadan,
Nigeria. Questionnaire instrument was used to collect data from a randomly selected 556 subjects
selected across faculties, departments and sectional units of the University. The descriptive statistics
showed that some members of staff demonstrated a relatively high level of knowledge about the
complications associated with hypertension but knowledge about the risk factors and attitude towards
the illness was still low. However, level of education significantly influences awareness of
complications (at 0.05) and knowledge of risk factors (at 0.05). On-job screening and educative
programmes are fundamental ways to improve knowledge about hypertension at the work-place.
Key words: Awareness, knowledge, hypertension, high blood pressure, risk factors, complications.
INTRODUCTION
In medical terms, hypertension is a blood pressure of
140/90 mmHg (millimetres of mercury) or more, based on
at least two readings on separate occasions (Mlunde,
2007). The term is used to mean the same medical
condition with high blood pressure (HBP) (Egan et al.,
2003). Distinction is often drawn between primary or
essential and secondary hypertension (Mlunde, 2007;
Jimoh, 1992). The primary hypertension is the most com-
mon type and over 90% of hypertension cases fall within
this category (Goodfriend, 1983; Mlunde, 2007). While
primary hypertension is deep-rooted in genetic, socio-
economic and environmental factors, secondary
hypertension may be due to renal, endocrine and cardio-
vascular causes (Mlunde, 2007). Although hypertension
is asymptomatic, it is usually attributed to severe health
problems such as congestive heart failure, cardiovascular
disease, renal failure, stroke, cognitive decline, dementia
and even death (Hansson et al., 2000).
A significant number of studies have also established
*Corresponding author. E-mail: kwaraeleven@yahoo.com.
Tel: +2348069696844, +27761274988
clear evidence for a relationship between occupational
stressors and elevation of blood pressure (Theorell et al.,
1991; Schnall et al., 1992; Theorell et al., 1993; Melamed
et al., 1998). Increased risks of high blood pressure are
connected with chronic job strain (Landsbergis et al.,
2003; Markovitz et al., 2004).
There are strong evidences to suggest that hyper-
tension and its associated complications are major health
challenges of the 21
st
century. As of year 2000, more
than 900 million people were living with hypertension
worldwide (Kearney et al., 2005).
It has been predicted that this number could jump to
more than 1.5 billion in 2025 if drastic measures are not
taken to control hypertension (Kearney et al., 2005).
Developing countries experiencing epidemiological
transition from communicable to non-communicable
chronic diseases often bear the brunt of hypertension
(Dodu, 1988; WHO, 1993; Aubert et al., 1998; Nissinen et
al., 1998; Reddy, 1993; Kusuma, 2009a).
In Sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension affects over 20
million people and remains a leading cause of hospitali-
sation and mortality (World Hypertension League, 2003).
In Nigeria, hypertension is one of the most common non-
communicable diseases (Akinkugbe, 1992) with more