628 TheJournalofRheumatology2010;37:3;doi:10.3899/jrheum.090548
Personal non-commercial use only. The Journal of Rheumatology Copyright © 2010. All rights reserved.
VisualAssessmentoftheSpineBruckelInstrument,a
NovelStatusTooltoReflectAppearanceoftheSpinein
PatientswithAnkylosingSpondylitis
DOMINIK W. PODBIELSKI, JANE BRUCKEL, EMMAPOMEROY, ROBERT D. INMAN, ROBERTW. WARREN,
LAURIE M. SAVAGE, JENNY RICHARDSON,ANGELO PAPACHRISTOS, REBECCAJ. MOGG,
and MILLICENT A. STONE
ABSTRACT. Objective. The Visual Assessment of the Spine Bruckel Instrument (VASBI) is a new status tool
developed by the Spondylitis Association of America and the University of Toronto to reflect spinal
appearance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Our objective was to validate the VASBI
according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials filter (truth, discrimina-
tion, and feasibility).
Methods. Three hundred patients with AS were asked to rate their degree of perceived spinal defor-
mity using the VASBI. To evaluate construct validity, VASBI scores were compared with function-
al outcome, spinal mobility, and radiographic spinal damage. Test-retest reliability was evaluated
using kappa statistic (κ).
Results. Patient VASBI demonstrated strong correlation with spinal mobility (r = 0.543) and mod-
erate correlation with functional impairment (r = 0.490) and structural damage (r = 0.309).
Reliability for VASBI was very good (κ = 0.973, p < 0.001).
Conclusion. The VASBI is a novel tool with practical applications in a busy clinical setting as it sim-
plifies assessment ofAS spinal deformity. Our study demonstrates that the VASBI has good feasi-
bility, construct validity, and reliability. (First Release Feb 15 2010; J Rheumatol 2010;37:628–32;
doi:10.3899/jrheum.090548)
KeyIndexingTerms:
SPINE BRUCKEL INSTRUMENT ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS SELF-ASSESSMENT
FromtheOphthalmologyandVisionSciences,UniversityofToronto;
TorontoWesternHospital;St.Michael’sHospital,Toronto,Canada;
SpondylitisAssociationofAmerica,ShermanOaks,California,USA;
RoyalNationalHospitalforRheumaticDiseases,BathInstitutefor
RheumaticDiseases,UniversityofBath,Bath,UK;Departmentof
Pediatrics,BaylorCollegeofMedicine;RheumatologyCenter,Texas
Children’sHospital,Houston,Texas;andtheHospitalforSpecialSurgery,
NewYork,NewYork,USA.
SupportedbyajointawardfromtheSpondylitisAssociationofAmerica
andtheNationalAnkylosingSpondylitisSocietyoftheUK;andbythe
donatedfundsawardfromtheRoyalNationalHospitalforRheumatic
Diseases,Bath.Dr.PodbielskiistherecipientofaCanadianArthritis
NetworkSummerResearchProgramStudentship,theSpondylitis
AssociationofAmerica(SAA)Studentship,andtheSt.Michael’sHospital
SummerResearchStudentScholarship.Dr.Stoneistherecipientofthe
CummingVisitingProfessorAwardandSAAaward.
D.W.Podbielski,MD,OphthalmologyandVisionSciences,Universityof
Toronto;J.Bruckel,BSN,RN;L.M.Savage,BA,SpondylitisAssociation
ofAmerica;E.Pomeroy,MA;J.Richardson,MCSP;R.J.Mogg,BSc,
RoyalNationalHospitalforRheumaticDiseases,BathInstitutefor
RheumaticDiseases;R.D.Inman,MD,TorontoWesternHospital;
R.W.Warren,MD,DepartmentofPediatrics,BaylorCollegeofMedicine,
RheumatologyCenter,TexasChildren’sHospital;A.Papachristos,BSc,
BScPT,MBA,St.Michael’sHospital;M.A.Stone,MB,MRCP,MSc,St.
Michael’sHospital,HospitalforSpecialSurgery,UniversityofBath.
AddresscorrespondencetoDr.M.A.Stone,St.Michael’sHospital,
30BondStreet,Toronto,OntarioM5B1W8,Canada.
E-mail:stonem@smh.toronto.on.ca
AcceptedforpublicationOctober9,2009.
One of the earliest features of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
is loss of spinal mobility
1
. Evaluation of spinal mobility is
an important part of patient subgroup stratification.
Further, it provides a baseline at the commencement of
appropriate therapy and determination of clinical out-
comes
2,3
. To this end, the Assessment in AS (ASAS) Study
Group has identified spinal mobility as one of the core
domains for the evaluation of disease-controlling therapies
and for clinical recordkeeping in AS
4
. Based on the ASAS
Study Group recommendation, spinal assessment should
be incorporated into routine clinical and research prac-
tice
4,5
. Spinal deformity is also a common feature of AS,
and at present, rheumatologists rely on clinical and radio-
graphic examination to assess the degree of spinal defor-
mity in patients with AS. Measurements of spinal involve-
ment (mobility/deformity) in the clinical setting can be
assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology
Index (BASMI)
6
, which consists of 5 clinical measures to
assess axial spine status in patients with AS. Radiographic
damage is measured using the modified Stoke Ankylosing
Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS), which is considered
superior to the other radiographic scoring systems
7,8
.
However, these measurements can be time-consuming,
requiring a metrologist for accuracy and appropriate
resources that are often lacking in physicians’ offices.
Other spinal measurement tools have been developed
9,10
,
but few have undergone validation according to the
Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials
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