~ 1781 ~    Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2017; 6(6): 1781-1786 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2017; 6(6): 1781-1786 Received: 15-09-2017 Accepted: 17-10-2017 Hasan Raja Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India CN Ram Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Sriom Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India KK Bhargav Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Maneesh Pandey Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Akshay Jain Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Correspondence Hasan Raja Department of Vegetable Science, N.D.U.A. & T. Kumarganj Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Genetic Variability Assessment in garlic (Allium sativum L.) Genotypes Hasan Raja, CN Ram, Sriom, KK Bhargav, Maneesh Pandey and Akshay Jain Abstract The present investigation was carried out to estimate genetic variability among eighty genotypes/hybrid of Garlic for twelve characters comprised of bulb yield and its contributing characters. These genotypes were planted in augmented block design during Rabi-2015-16 at Main Experimental Station of Department of Vegetable Science, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.). On the basis of mean performance, the genotype NDG-33 was the highest yielder followed by NDG-32 and minimum was found in NDG-54. Based on mean performance NDG- 33, NDG-32. NDG- 26, NDG-9 and NDG- 34 were identified as high yielder for bulb yield per plant. These genotypes may further be utilized in breeding programme aimed at improving bulb yield in garlic. Analysis of variance indicated presence of considerable variability for all the twelve characters. The estimates of phenotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV) were higher than the genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters. High GCV and PCV were observed for Number of cloves per bulb, diameter of clove, weight of clove, neck thickness of bulb, width of leaf and length of clove. Keywords: Garlic, Variability, Yield, GCV and PCV Introduction Garlic (Allium sativum L.), a member of the Alliaceae family, is one of the most aromatic herbaceous annual spices (Kurian, 1995) [7] . It is the second most widely spice crop of the cultivated Allium crops, next to onion in the world (Purseglove, 1975) [11] with a characteristic pungent smell. The cloves of garlic bulb are used in flavouring of various vegetarian and non- vegetarian dishes. The significance of this spice is increasing owing to its wide range of medicinal properties (Chanchan et al., 2014) [1] . Garlic shows wide morphological and agronomic variations in colour, size of bulb, plant height, flowering, number and size of the cloves, days to harvesting, resistance to storage capacity, dormancy and adaptation to agro- climatic situations (Mario et al., 2008) [8] . Despite the importance of crop, so far very limited breeding work has been done. As a first step of systemic breeding programme, collection and evaluation of germplasm is required. The adequacy of germplasm collection is determined by the amount of genetic variability present in the germplasm. However, yield is a complex character and its direct improvement is difficult. A crop breeding programme aimed at increasing the plant productivity requires consideration not only on yield but also its components that have direct or indirect influences on yield. Knowledge in respect of nature and magnitude of association with different component characters is a prerequisite to bring the improvement in desired direction. Garlic is one of the important major vegetable crops in India. Plant breeders are primarily concerned with the improvement of quantitative and qualitative characters of any crop. This can be achieved by quantifying the genetic variation available for various characters of economic importance and inter-relationship among them. To improve the yield through selection of better varieties, knowledge on the nature of association of bulb yield with yield contributing characters is very essential. Hence, the present research was conducted to evaluate performance of eighty genotypes of garlic varieties with the objective of identifying the varieties with highest growth, yield, and quality to replace or be used with the low yielding local variety. Materials and Methods Geographically the experimental site (Kumarganj, Faizabad) falls under humid sub-tropical climate and is located at 26.47 ° N latitude and 82.12 ° E longitude at an altitude of 113 meter above the mean sea level. Geographically, it falls in the north east gangetic alluvial plains of eastern U.P. region.