FASTNR:An Efficient Fault Simulator
for Linear and Nonlinear OC Circuits
J. Soares Augusto and C. F. Beltran Almeida
INESCIIST, Aptd. 13069, 1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
E-mail: jasa@dalton.inesc.ptandcfb@dalton.inesc.pt
Abstract
In this paper we describe the simulator FASTNR (FAST Newton-Raphson)
where an efficient methodology for solving the faulty circuit equations, called
FAult RUBber Stamps (FARUBS), is implemented. Its application to single
fault simulation in linear and nonlinear circuits is reported. The efficient fault
simulation in nonlinear DC circuits is due both to the development of original
linearized Newton-Raphson models for electronic devices and to the simulation
of fault values in a "continuation" stream. Fault simulation in linear cascades
with up to 5000 nodes has shown an improvement of four orders of magnitude
in simulation time, when compared to that of the nominal circuit. In nonlinear
circuits, the time efficiency is sometimes better than two orders of magnitude.
Keywords: Efficient Analog Fault Simulation; Solution of Linear and Nonlinear Circuits;
Analog Test and Diagnosis.
1. INTRODUCTION
Efficient fault simulation is an important issue when Simulation-Before-Test
(SBT) dictionary-based techniques are used in fault diagnosis of electronic
circuits. A survey of efficient fault simulation in analog circuits is given in
[1, 2, 3]. In this paper, we describe some results of single fault simulation
with the FASTNR simulator [4], built around the modified Newton-Raphson
(NR) algorithm, that implements a methodology calledfault rubber stamps for
inserting faults in the circuit equations [3]. After a very concise (due to space
limitations) survey of the literature on efficient fault simulation, we present
the FARUBS methodology applied to linear circuits, and then we extend it to
efficient fault simulation in nonlinear circuits. Several examples, including
The original version of this chapter was revised: The copyright line was incorrect. This has been
corrected. The Erratum to this chapter is available at DOI:
© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2000
L. M. Silveira et al. (eds.), VLSI: Systems on a Chip
10.1007/978-0-387-35498-9_57