ISSN 0036-0244, Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2014, Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 1255–1264. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2014.
1255
1
INTRODUCTION
In the recent years many works have been done to
study the molecular interactions in the mixtures of
alkanols with other components by considering differ-
ent parameters like density, viscosity, ultrasonic veloc-
ity, surface tension etc. The excess property study has
been used for the purpose of designing equipment in
heat transfer, fluid mechanics and process calcula-
tions. In the present work the mixture of pentan-1-ol
(1) + nitrobenzene (2) is studied. The objective of our
work is to measure the density, viscosity, ultrasonic
velocity at temperatures 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K
and 0.1 MPa.
Amyl alcohols are used as industrial solvents. Also
it is used as perfume ingredient and in synthesis of fruit
essence and intermediate in amyl acetate production.
Many works have been done on amyl alcohol to study
its physical properties [1–7]. Nitrobenzene is mainly
used in the preparation of aniline. Also it is used as a
solvent and raw material for organic synthesis.
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
Materials and Methods
All the solvents used were of analytical grade and
obtained from Merck (India), Bombay and Sisco
1
The article is published in the original.
Research Laboratories (India). These chemicals have
been purified before use [8, 9]. The purity of the sol-
vents was verified with the literature values, given in
Table 1 [1–3, 10, 11].
Ostwald viscometer calibrated with water and ben-
zene was used for measuring the viscosity of all liquids
at temperatures [12]
v = (at) – (b/t). (1)
The density of the liquids was measured with Ost-
wald-Sprengal type 25 cm
3
pyknometer. The ultra-
sonic velocity of sound for all liquids was measured
using ultrasonic interferometer (Mittal Enterprises,
New Delhi), operating at 2 MHz with an accuracy of
±1 m/s. All the experiments were carried out in a ther-
mostatically controlled constant temperature water
bath of reproducibility ±0.1°C. The relation used for
the calculation of ultrasonic velocity [13, 14] is
u = (λ/2)
av
× 2n, (2)
where λ is the wavelength in m, and n is the frequency
in Hz.
MODEL SECTION
(A) For thermo physical property:
—Dynamic viscosity was calculated by using the
equation
, (3) η v ρ =
OTHER PROBLEMS
OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Effect of Temperature and Concentration on Density,
Viscosity and Ultrasonic Velocity
of the Pentan-1-ol + Nitrobenzene Mixtures
1
S. K. Bindhani
a
, G. K. Roy
a
, Y. K. Mohanty
a
, and T. R. Kubendran
b
a
Department of Chemical Engineering, Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Gunupur–765022,
Rayagada, Odisha, India
b
Department of Chemical Engineering, A. C. Tech., Anna University, Chennai–600025, India
*e-mail: santubindhani@gmail.com
Received September 8, 2013
Abstract—Density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity values for pentan-1-ol (1) + nitrobenzene (2) mixtures
were measured at temperatures of 303.15 to 313.15 K. The new equations have been developed for viscosity
and ultrasonic velocity by the use of statistical software Design Expert. The excess values like excess molar
volume, viscosity deviation and ultrasonic velocity deviations have been calculated from density, viscosity and
ultrasonic velocity respectively. The excess values were correlated using the Redlich–Kister polynomial equa-
tion to obtain their coefficients and standard deviations.
Keywords: molecular interaction, viscosity, ultrasonic velocity, pentan-1-ol.
DOI: 10.1134/S003602441407005X