Civil Engineering and Architecture 12(1): 1-14, 2024 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2024.120101
Effect of High Recycled Aggregate Content in Hot Mix
Asphalt on Volumetric and Skid
Resistance Characteristics
Sigit Pranowo Hadiwardoyo
1,*
, R Jachrizal Sumabrata
1
, Riana Herlina Lumingkewas
2
,
Tommy Iduwin
1
, Hermon Frederik Tambunan
1
, Silvanus Nohan Rudrokasworo
1
,
Primetta Tatiana
1
, Aditya Fadhel
1
, Zahran Athalla
1
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
2
Civil Engineering Study Program, Institut Teknologi Indonesia (ITI), Kampus Puspiptek Serpong, Indonesia
Received January 21, 2023; Revised September 15, 2023; Accepted October 12, 2023
Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Sigit Pranowo Hadiwardoyo, R Jachrizal Sumabrata, Riana Herlina Lumingkewas, Tommy Iduwin, Hermon
Frederik Tambunan, Silvanus Nohan Rudrokasworo, Primetta Tatiana, Aditya Fadhel, Zahran Athalla, "Effect of High
Recycled Aggregate Content in Hot Mix Asphalt on Volumetric and Skid Resistance Characteristics," Civil Engineering
and Architecture, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1 - 14, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2024.120101.
(b): Sigit Pranowo Hadiwardoyo, R Jachrizal Sumabrata, Riana Herlina Lumingkewas, Tommy Iduwin, Hermon
Frederik Tambunan, Silvanus Nohan Rudrokasworo, Primetta Tatiana, Aditya Fadhel, Zahran Athalla (2024). Effect of
High Recycled Aggregate Content in Hot Mix Asphalt on Volumetric and Skid Resistance Characteristics. Civil
Engineering and Architecture, 12(1), 1 - 14. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2024.120101.
Copyright©2024 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract Friction between vehicle wheels and the road
surface is influenced by the performance of the asphalt
mixture that forms the road surface. New road construction
and maintenance programs require pavement materials that
come from natural sources. Efficiency in using materials to
preserve the environment can be achieved by recycling.
The road surface layer can be recycled 50-60% so that old
material can still be utilized by adding new aggregate at a
certain gradation size. This research shows the
performance of recycled Hot-mix Asphalt (HMA), which
consists of a mixture of 50% recycled asphalt and a mixture
of 50% recycled asphalt + 27% recycled cement concrete
aggregate, compared to the new material HMA mixture.
The aggregate recycled asphalt mixture of 77% and WEO
utilization of 15% still show skid resistance performance
close to that of the new aggregate asphalt mixture. This
research shows that using large amounts of waste
aggregate and waste engine oil can reduce the use of new
materials on road pavement.
Keywords Recycle Material, Hot-Mix Asphalt, Skid
Resistance, Green Environment, Pavement
1. Introduction
Skid resistance is the force that occurs when the vehicle
wheels are prevented from rotating/sliding along the
pavement surface. This value is an important parameter
that affects driving safety on the road, which is influenced
by weather conditions, where the value decreases when the
temperature increases. Road pavements have three
essential functions: safety, comfort, and service efficiency.
In evaluating the safety of road pavements, a survey was
conducted on texture and road roughness (skid resistance)
[1]. Skid resistance is defined as the resisting force acting
on the vehicle wheels along the road surface when braking,
which is influenced by driving speed, vehicle wheels, road
conditions, environmental factors, and the texture of the
road surface. Road pavement macrotextures, influenced by
aggregate characteristics, are believed to prevent
aquaplaning on vehicle wheels [2].
Skid resistance is influenced by two components,
namely adhesion and hysteresis. Adhesion comes from
molecular bonding in areas with high local pressure due to
the unevenness of the road surface. At the same time,
hysteresis occurs due to loss of energy. This condition is
affected by the deformation of the tire rubber around the