www.ijcrt.org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882
IJCRT1803161 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 446
Optimism & Self Efficacy As Predictors Of Burnout In
Health Professionals
Dr.Sushma Suri & Iram Naz
Assistant Professor Research Scholar
Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia
New Delhi-110025 (INDIA)
Abstract: The study aimed to investigate spirituality and self efficacy as predictors of burnout (dimensions) in clinical psychologist
and general physicians. 100 health professionals from Delhi and NCR were taken as a sample of the study with 3-5 years and 6-9
years of practice experience. The tools used were Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) by Scheier and Carver, (1985) consists of 8
items. General Self Efficacy Scale Schwarzer and Jeruslam (1995) consists of and Daily Spirituality Experience Scale Underwood
and Teresi (2002) consists of 16 items. Obtained scores were anlysed with the help of multiple regression . Although, the value of F
is significant, (4.297 <.000) but the effect size (.08) falls under low category, To find out the predictions more concrete, individual
contribution of the two predictors undertaken. Optimism emerged as the most important predictors of emotional exhaustion. Whereas
Self efficacy influencing the emotional exhaustion in the insignificant manner. Regarding depersonalization the F value was 1.03
which was found to be insignificant. As far the effect size is concerned, it falls under low category which indicated that optimism,
and self efficacy produced very less influence on depersonalization. Although the value of F is significant, the effect size falls under
the medium category as suggested by Cohen, (1988). accomplishment scores of clinical psychologists. To make the predictions more
concrete individual contribution of the 2 predictors undertaking self efficacy emerged as the important predictors of personal
accomplishment. Where as the optimism influencing personal accomplishment in insignificant manner. The significant F value
(7.70, <.000) (6.59 <.001) depicted that that the two variables are the significant predictors of emotional exhaustion and
depersonalization among general physician. Regarding individual contribution self efficacy emerged as the important predictor of
depersonalization for general physician group. Whereas optimism does not have a significant contribution to the criterion variable. F
value (6.52 <.001) also explains that the two variables are the significant predictors of personal accomplishment among general
physician.
Keywords: Self Efficacy, spirituality, burnout and health professionals.
I Introduction
Health Professionals have viewed optimism/pessimism primarily as an individual difference variable describing people’s genera l
positive or negative expectations about the future. People vary in their degree of optimism and these differences are potentially
important to a wide assortment of life activities and choices, (Baumgardner and Crothers, 2009).
Self efficacy is the belief in one’s capability to organize and execute the causes of action required to produce given attain ments is
constructed on the basis of the four most influential sources: Enactive attainment, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion and
physiological as well as emotional factors. (Bandura, 2001).
Stress and burnout are inevitable probes for the highly committed, highly involved individuals who work in health care services, as
they deal with the physical & emotional problems of seriously ill and sometimes emotionally disturbed patients, while also having to
cope with running effective teams, dealing with complex management structures and conflicting demands at all hours of the day and
night. Anyone working in such conditions will inevitably become stressed if enough such pressure is placed upon them, (McManus,
2007).
II. Review of Literature
Marisa , Peiró, and Schaufeli. (2010). Research on self-efficacy beliefs shows that the more specific the self-efficacy beliefs, the
more predictive they are. In the current study, two levels of self-efficacy beliefs are introduced as moderators (i.e., generalized and
computer self-efficacy). Based on data collected from 405 workers using information technology in their jobs, the expected Job
Demand Control Interaction effect was found in both burnout dimensions (i.e., exhaustion and cynicism) as predicted by the JD-C
model. In addition, the more specific level of self-efficacy (i.e., computer self-efficacy) moderated the relationship between job
demands and control and levels of burnout dimensions as expected.