Resistance to Tetracycline and Vancomycin of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Sanandaj Patents by Molecular Genotyping Foozieh Arabzadeh 1 , Fatemeh Aeini 2 , Fatemeh Keshavarzi 2* and Sahra Behrvash 2 1 Department of Biology, Kurdistan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran * Corresponding author: Dr. Fatemeh Keshavarzi, Ph.D, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran, Tel: +98 91 8370 4918; E-mail: gol.keshavarzi@gmail.com Received Date: April 20, 2018; Accepted Date: October 26, 2018; Published Date: October 30, 2018 Citaton: Arabzadeh F, Aeini F, Keshavarzi F, Behrvash S (2018) Resistance to Tetracycline and Vancomycin of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Sanandaj Patents by Molecular Genotyping. Ann Clin Lab Res Vol.6 No.4:260. Abstract Introducton: Studying antbiotc resistance of Staphylococcus aureus is very important and it has a main role in preventng creaton of resistant strains. This study was done to determine the prevalence and genetc basis of tetracycline and vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Sanandaj. Materials and methods: One hundred and ffy clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were collected from Sanandaj Hospital. Susceptbility to antbiotcs (tetracycline and vancomycin) were determined by disk agar difusion method with minimal inhibitory concentraton (MIC) evaluated on Muller-Hinton agar as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Insttute (CLSI). The tetracycline and vancomycin strains were screened by polymerase chain reacton (PCR) for the presence of fve common vancomycin and tetracycline resistance determinants, respectvely, van A, tet K, tet M, tet L and tet O. Results: Using the DAD method, 12% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to vancomycin and 61/33% to tetracycline. For more, the tet (K) gene was found in 71 isolates, tet (L) in 5 isolates, tet (M) in 30 isolates and tet (O) were detected in one isolates and van A didn’t see in any isolate by PCR technique. Conclusion: This study indicates that resistance to tetracycline is mainly by efux pumps mediated by tet (K) in Staphylococcus aureus in Sanandaj. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; Antbiotc resistance; Tetracycline; Vancomycin; Sanandaj Introducton During the last decade the prevalence of staphylococcus aureus species have been increasing worldwide. Staphylococcus can grow in diferent environmental conditons but the best conditon for their growth is 30 to 37°C. These bacteria are resistant and they can colonize on the skin and mucous membranes. Staphylococcus aureus species are one of the frst known human pathogens. For the frst tme in 1880 and 1882 in laboratory and clinical studies, the disease caused by staphylococcus and its role in the growth of abscess was explained. Nowadays afer 100 years, this organism is considered as one of the dangerous human pathogens. In general this bacterium is really important due to its tenacity destructon, potental power and increasing resistance to antbiotcs [1]. Staphylococcus includes at least 40 species. Most of staphylococcus species are harmless and they reside on the skin and the mucosa of the human body and other animals. In the USA, staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the half of positve blood cultures among patents in ICU and it is one of the most important factors of pneumonia in these units [1,2]. The most populaton of staphylococcus is on the skin in human beings, especially in groin, armpit, perianal region and anterior nasal apertures and it can cause infecton in all age groups. In terms of the place of getng infecton, they can be divided into two groups: community acquired and hospital acquired. The content of cytosine +guanine in their DNAs is 30% to 40%. Staphylococcus species are anaerobic and they grow in the presence of bile salts and all of them are catalase-positve unlike streptococci. One of the prominent features in classifying the staphylococcus is producing coagulase enzyme [3]. Now 6 species of staphylococcus are coagulase-positve include staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus delphini, staphylococcus hyicus, staphylococcus intermedius, staphylococcus lutrae, staphylococcus pseuditermedius and staphylococcus schleiferi the subspecies of coagulans. The most important species of coagulase- negatve is staphylococcus epidermidits which resides on the skin of human beings as a symbiotc (coexist). In the patents whose immune systems have been suppressed or those who use counters vessel, these bacteria can cause severe infectons. Staphylococcus saprophytcus is another coalase- negatve species which is considered as a normal vaginal fora in women. This bacterium has a role in female genital tract infectons among sexually actve young women [4,5]. According to what was said, the purpose of this research is to Research Article iMedPub Journals www.imedpub.com DOI: 10.21767/2386-5180.100260 Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Research ISSN 2386-5180 Vol.6 No.4:260 2018 © Copyright iMedPub | This article is available from: http://www.aclr.com.es/ 1