*Corresponding author email: ainane@gmail.com Symbiosis Group Symbiosis Group Symbiosis ISSN: 2376-4589 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/2376-4589/2/2/00108 Moroccan Formulation of Oils for the Care of Hair: Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity Tarik Ainane 1 *, Said Gharby 2 , Mohammed Talbi 3 , Abdelmjid Abourriche 4 , Ahmed Bennamara 4 , Naoual Oukkache 5 , Hassan Lamdini 6 and Mohamed Elkouali 3 1 Superior School of Technology - Khenifra (EST-Khenifra), University of Moulay Ismail, PB 170, 54000 Khenifra, Morocco 2 Laboratory of Chemistry of Plants, Organic Synthesis and Bioorganic, Faculty of Science, University Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco 3 Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences Ben Msik, University Hassan II, BP 7955 Casablanca 20660, Morocco 4 Biomolecules and organic synthesis laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ben Msik, University Hassan II, BP 7955 Casablanca 20660, Morocco 5 Laboratory of Venoms and Toxins, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca 20360, Morocco 6 Department of Infectious Diseases, IbnRochd Hospital University Center, Casablanca 20270Morocco SOJ Biochemistry Open Access Research Article industries and laboratories focus their research towards the development of natural products (Bio-products) because it is provide interesting turnover and millions of dollars in revenue [6-7]. Also, most consumers are choosing natural products to avoid any danger source of synthetic chemicals products that could be harmful to their health. Besides, taking into account the growing environmental issues, bio-products help to protect the environment by the ease of degradation [8-9]. On the other hand, the industrial development of natural resources in Morocco was begun for ten years, while several special industries were installed to produce Bio-products and exploit these resources [10], because Morocco is undoubtedly both a well-known name and a significant producer in the world of oils (essential oils and vegetal oils). This is the result of several main factors: The geography and climate, which is governed by the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the desert in the south and its three main mountain ranges. Morocco hosts a complete range of Mediterranean climates and soils that favour an extremely rich biodiversity, including an impressive variety of aromatic plants (both Mediterranean classics and endemic species) [8,11]. Consequently, many species of plants produce seeds containing fats which are used as a food reserve for the developing seedling and they are quite often present in sufficient quantities to make their extraction, in the form of oil, worthwhile. Vegetable oils are produced from nuts, seeds, grains and beans. They are sometimes referred as fixed oils because they are not as volatile (easily evaporated) as essential oils [12,13]. Vegetable oils particularly the argan oil and olive oil have a wide range of uses, and whilst many of these involve processes that are too technical Abstract The objective of this work is studying the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of a formulation used in the Moroccan tradition for hair care composed of two vegetable oils (argan oil and olive oil) and three essential oils (Thymus vulgaris, Nigella sativa, and Allium sativum). At first, we analyzed the physicochemical parameters for both vegetable oils, such as: acidity, peroxide index, saponification index, iodine index, absorption coefficients in UV at 232 nm and 270 nm, and humidity, we also determined their fatty acids compositions, sterols compositions and tocopherols contents. On the other hand, the essential oils components were identified by GC/MS, the results of these analyzes showed that the major constituents of the essential oils of Thymus vulgaris and Nigella sativa were monoterpene hydrocarbons and phenolic monoterpenes, and the major constituents of the essential oil of Allium sativum were diallyl sulfides and methyl allyl sulfides. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the vegetable oils, essential oils and formulation were determined against strains bacteria, using a well diffusion agar method, where the results of this antibacterial test indicated the effectiveness of the formulation prepared during this study for cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations. Keywords: Formulation; Vegetable oils; Essential oils; Chemical compositions; Antibacterial activities Received: 27 February, 2016; Accepted: 29 April, 2016; Published: 05 May, 2016 *Corresponding author: Tarik Ainane, Superior School of Technology - Khenifra (EST-Khenifra), University of Moulay Ismail, PB 170, 54000 Khenifra, Morocco, E-mail: ainane@gmail.com Introduction Since antiquity, the use of natural products presents considerable interest for humans, but nowadays with the industrial spirit, scientific advance is being used in the development of innovative natural products in medicine, pharmaceutics, and cosmetics industries with thorough and targeted studies [1-5]. Several public and private sectors,