Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1712442 The Financial Sector and the Real Economy during the Financial Crisis: Evidence from the Commercial Paper Market Ethan Cohen-Cole University of Maryland - College Park Judit Montoriol-Garriga Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Gustavo Suarez Federal Reserve Board Jason Wu Federal Reserve Board November 19, 2010 Abstract Shocks to the nancial sector led credit spreads to widen to unprecedented levels in many markets during the 2007-2008 nancial crisis. The rise in spreads attracted attention because it could signal a disruption in nancial markets, which has been widely linked to an increased burden on non-nancial rms. This paper disentangles the relative contributions of credit and liquidity risk in explaining the widening of commercial paper spreads. In doing so, we nd that liquidity risk was isolated to the nancial sector throughout the rst two major shocks to the system (August 2007 and March 2008). Indeed, controlling for credit risk, non-nancial corporations saw little or no change in the cost of funding during this time period. After the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, for the rst time, liquidity problems in the commercial paper market spilled out of the nancial sector into the spreads of low credit quality non- nancial rms. This e/ect had a disproportionately larger impact on those low credit-quality non-nancial rms that placed paper exclusively through nancial sector dealers. High credit quality rms remained una/ected throughout. Our interpretation of the results is that markets were able to di/erentiate not only between safe and imperiled rms in the midst of the crisis, but also to isolate where liquidity e/ects were most likely to be salient. Ethan Cohen-Cole: Robert H Smith School of Business. email: ecohencole@gmail.com. (301) 541-7227. Judit Montoriol-Garriga: 600 Atlantic Avenue, Boston MA. email: judit.montoriol-garriga@bos.frb.org. Gustavo Suarez Federal Reserve Board of Governors. email: gustavo.a.suarez@frb.gov. (202) 452-3011. Jason Wu Federal Reserve Board of Governors. email: jason.j.wu@frb.gov. (202) 452-2556. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reect those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston or the Federal Reserve System. 1