International NGO Journal Vol. 6 (3), pp. 086-090, March 2011
Available online at http:// www.academicjournals.org/INGOJ
ISSN 1993-8225 ©2011 Academic Journals
Article
Shonglap: An innovation to break conservativeness
and agent of change in rural Bangladesh
Mohammed Mamun Rashid
House No- 47/H, Road No-1, Ispahani Park, South Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
E-mail: rashidmamuns@yahoo.com. Tel: 0088-01818148670.
Accepted December 29, 2010
Shonglap means dialogue. It is a one year program to develop lives and livelihoods of adolescent
girls. Shonglap program increased education, life skills, and income generation activities of
adolescent girls of Ukhiya and Teknaf sub-districts, religiously conservative communities, in
Bangladesh. It improved knowledge about personal cleanliness, menstruation management,
HIV/AIDS, water-borne diseases and provided information to reduce health risks, especially in the
areas of reproductive health. Adolescent girls advocated with parents, community leaders, and
duty bearers should stop early marriage, dowry and protect and promote rights issue. The
program increased their employment, mobility and linkage with service providing institutions.
Shonglap program was new in these communities. Religious leaders were gateway along with
other stakeholders to drive the program. Efforts of adolescent girls gradually break
conservativeness. But it is difficult to work out the sustainability of their actions due to only one
year project interventions. Such Shonglap program should be continued in these communities for
bright and promising future.
Key words: CODEC, conservativeness, empowerment, Shonglap, well-beings.
INTRODUCTION
The overview of this article is based on project
interventions of “Improvement of Human Security in the
Communities of Ukhiya and Teknaf sub-districts, Cox’s
Bazar in Bangladesh” funded by Austcare. Based on the
primary research done by the author, this article explores
potential role of adolescent girls to break conservative-
ness through Shonglap and its challenges. It highlights
how such innovative approach has effects on their
empowerment and well-beings. This article also insights
on major learning, community mobilization process,
management practices, and sustainability of project,
which can be useful information for others to work in
future in such community.
Ukhiya and Teknaf sub-districts
Ukhiya and Teknaf are sub-districts of Cox’s Bazar
district. The total area of Cox’s Bazar district is 2,492 km
2
.
It is a famous tourist spot in the world for long and
unbroken sea beach. The literacy rate of the district is
about 31% and among them female literacy rate is 25%,
whereas the national statistics is both Sex-47.5 Male-
53.9, Female-40.8 (BBS, 2001).
Ukhiya and Teknaf sub-districts are adjoined with
Myanmar border. Myanmar refugees, popularly known as
Rohinga, are large community in Ukhiya and Teknaf who
fled due to racial and religious discrimination in
Myanmar’s Northern Rakhine state in 1991. Till now, they
are coming and live in two official registered camps and
other places with unregistered status. The migration has
various impacts in their livelihood and social
consequences for both the local and Rohinga
communities. The children, adolescent and women are
very much vulnerable in this area due to illiteracy,
smuggling of arms and drugs, fundamentalists, lack of
awareness, very little occupational scope and mental and
physical disabilities. Violence, early marriage, dowry,
child labor, abuse, sexual harassment and exploitation
occurred frequently among children and adolescent.