International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | February 2023 | Vol 10 | Issue 2 Page 799
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Pritwani S et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2023 Feb;10(2):799-802
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
Assessment of cold chain and vaccine management practices in cold
chain points of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh: a cross-sectional study
Sabhya Pritwani
1
*, M. Jawed Quereishi
2
INTRODUCTION
Immunization is an essential part of primary health care
which acts as a shield for children from preventable life
threatening conditions, significantly improving child
morbidity and mortality.
1
In Chhattisgarh, coverage of
fully immunized children and Infant mortality rate has
increased from 76.4% and 53 per 1000 live births in
NFHS-4 to 79.7% and 44.3 per 1000 live births in NFHS-
5.
2,3
Increasing vaccine coverage depends upon strengthening
of multiple factors such as micro-planning, cold-chain
and logistics management, monitoring/supportive
supervision, and community mobilization. Cold chain
point and vaccine logistic management are the backbone
of immunization.
4,5
Studies have shown that poor
infrastructure, poor maintenance, lack of knowledge
among cold chain handlers and inadequate monitoring
leads to the vaccine ineffectiveness and cold chain
failure.
4
Literature revealed that 15 children died in a
remote village of South Sudan in the year 2017 due to
sepsis/toxicity. This was caused by the administration of
contaminated vaccine, not following the cold chain
protocols, and undertrained vaccination team.
6
Hence, enhancing the quality and management of cold
chain infrastructure is critical especially in this pandemic
era where equitable access to safe and efficacious
vaccines will help in preventing the spread of infectious
diseases. With this background, the present study was
done to assess the vaccine management, availability of
cold chain equipment (CCE), vaccine storage practices,
monitoring of cold chain and knowledge regarding
ABSTRACT
Background: To maintain the immunization effectiveness, and uninterrupted availability of vaccine functional cold
chain is required. This can be achieved by continuous monitoring and supervision. The objective was to assess the
functionality and monitoring of cold chain points of Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the month of January 2021 in 15 old and new cold chain points,
which were selected randomly from all the five blocks of district. Block level “supportive supervision of cold chain
and vaccine management” checklist was used to collect the data. The data was presented in frequency and
percentages.
Results: The key findings were shortage of staff, placement of cold chain equipment and ice packs not as per the
guidelines, irregular monthly review of temperature, and periodic monitoring with available documentation.
Conclusions: There were shortfalls in the basic components of cold chain which requires immediate attention from
the officials.
Keywords: Cold chain management, Cold chain point, Cold chain system, Immunization, Supportive supervision,
Vaccine management
1
District Health Society-Bilaspur, National Health Mission-Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
2
Department of Health and Family Welfare, National Health Mission-Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Received: 27 December 2022
Accepted: 17 January 2023
*Correspondence:
Dr. Sabhya Pritwani,
E-mail: sabhyapritwani94@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20230241