Am. J. Biomed. Sci. 2022,14(1),29-38;doi:10.5099/aj220100029 © 2022 by NWPII. All rights reserved
29
American Journal of
Biomedical Sciences
ISSN: 1937-9080
nwpii.com/ajbms
In-vivo Antiplasmodial Impact of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine-
Clindamycin on Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice
Elias Adikwu
1
, Simeon Ajeka Igono
2
and Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong
*3
1
Department of Pharmacology /Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education,
Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
3
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
*
Corresponding Author
Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong
Department of Pharmacology
Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences
University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Nigeria
Email: nwakaebong@gmail.com
Tel: +2348132321014
Received:02 October 2021; | Revised:06 November 2021; | Accepted:10 March 2022
Abstract
Objective: The concurrent use of antibiotics and antimalarial drugs may increase Plasmodium
susceptibility. Clindamycin (C) is an antibiotic with potential antiplasmodial activity. Dihydroartemisinin-
piperaquine (D-P) is an effective antimalarial drug. This study examined the antiplasmodial effect of
dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine-clindamycin (D-P-C) on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.
Methods: Adult Swiss albino mice (25-30g) of n=6/group were used. Using the curative, suppressive
and prophylactic tests, mice were infected with Plasmodium. berghei and orally treated per day with D-P
(1.71/13.7mg/kg), C (10mg/kg) and D-P-C, respectively. The positive control was orally treated per day with
chloroquine (CQ) (10 mg/kg) whereas the normal and the negative controls were orally treated per day with
normal saline (0.2ml).
Results: In the curative, suppressive and prophylactic tests, D-P-C decreased percentage parasitemia
levels with significant difference observed at p<0.05 when compared to individual doses of C, D-P and CQ.
D-P-C significantly prolonged mean survival time with difference observed at p< 0.05 when compared to
individual doses of D and D-P. The anti-anemic effect of D-P-C was characterized by increased hemoglobin,
red blood cells, packed cell volume and decreased white blood cells with significant difference observed at
p<0.05 when compared to individual doses of C, D-P and CQ. Treatment with D-P-C eradicated liver
Plasmodium.
Conclusion: D-P-C showed promising antiplasmodial activity. It may be used for the treatment of
malaria.
Keywords: Artemisinin, Piperaquine, Clindamycin, Plasmodium, Mice