Open Journal of Urology, 2018, 8, 1-7 http://www.scirp.org/journal/oju ISSN Online: 2160-5629 ISSN Print: 2160-5440 DOI: 10.4236/oju.2018.81001 Jan. 16, 2018 1 Open Journal of Urology Is High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer?—A Local Study Alaa Al-Deen Al-Dabbagh 1 , Ehab Jasim Mohammad 2 , Waleed Nassar Jaffal 3 1 Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq 2 College of Medicine, IbnSina University of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq 3 Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Al-Anbar University, Al-Anbar, Iraq Abstract Objective: To determine the consequence of recognizing high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) & its extent on initial sextant prostatic biopsy then identifying its associated risk of finding prostate cancer on subsequent biopsy. Patients and methods: Seventy-one men were subjected to transrectal ultrasound guided sextant prostate biopsy due to elevated serum prostate specific antigen (S.PSA) > 4 ng /ml, an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and/or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) findings. The number, percentage, as well as bilateral and multifocal involvement of specimens positive for HGPIN were recorded in every patient. The percentage of cancer detected in these pa- tients on repeat biopsy within 1 year of the initial biopsy was also recorded. Results: The mean age and mean S.PSA level of our patients was 59.9 years and 7.9 ng/ml respectively. Of the 71 patients studied, initial biopsy revealed that (32.4%) had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), (36.62%) had carcino- ma, (25.35%) had HGPIN and (5.63%) had chronic prostatitis. On repeat biopsy within 1 year of initial biopsy cancer of the prostate was detected in 33.3% of our patients who were diagnosed with HGPIN on 1 st biopsy. All of them had mul- tifocal involvement on the initial biopsy. Conclusion: Recognizing HGPIN on 1 st biopsy (particularly multifocal involvement) is associated with great risk of prostate cancer development on subsequent biopsy, thus comprehensive fol- low-up of these patients is necessary. Keywords HGPIN, Prostate Cancer, Biopsy 1. Introduction In urinary tract histopathology, HGPIN is considered prostatic gland anomaly How to cite this paper: Al-Dabbagh, A.A.-D., Mohammad, E.J. and Jaffal, W.N. (2018) Is High Grade Prostatic Intraepi- thelial Neoplasia a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer?—A Local Study. Open Journal of Urology, 8, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.4236/oju.2018.81001 Received: December 18, 2017 Accepted: January 13, 2018 Published: January 16, 2018 Copyright © 2018 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access