      (JPES), Vol 19 (Supplement issue 3), Art 135, pp 936  944, 2019 online ISSN: 2247  806X; pISSN: 2247 – 8051; ISSN  L = 2247  8051 © JPES 936  Corresponding Author: DELIGIANNIDOU TZENI, Email: tzenidel@gmail.com                DELIGIANNIDOU TZENI 1 , ATHANAILIDIS IOANNIS 2 LAIOS ATHANASIOS 3 STAFYLA AMALIA 4 1,2,3,4, University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, TEI of Central Macedonia, Logistics Department, GREECE Published online:May 31, 2019 (Accepted for publication April 14, 2019) !"#$$ % &%’ ’: In the complex and changing educational context of the 21st century, the role of school principals has attracted the interest of many surveys as it is viewed as a key factor in school effectiveness. & The purposes of this study were (a) to investigate the role of school principals based on specific performance criteria, using as effectiveness indicators the perceptions of physical education (PE) teachers and their principals of effective school administration, (b) to determine whether statistically significant differences exist between PE teachers and principals regarding factors that express efficient school administration, and (c) to determine whether statistically significant differences exist in the perceptions of PE teachers and principals of the factor “work experience.” : A total of 415 teachers (223 PE teachers, 192 principals), who worked during the school year 20172018 in primary and secondary education in the prefectures of Pieria and Imathia of Greece, participated in the survey. The perceptions of PE teachers and school principals of efficient school administration were measured with a questionnaire created by Pashiardis and Orphanou (1999). ( Results indicated that, in general, PE teachers were satisfied with their principal’s management skills. Principals stated that they are more efficient than teachers think they are. A ttest revealed statistically significant differences in all the factors, in favor of principals. Α oneway analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences in the factor “school programs” according to PE teachers with more than 20 years of work experience. Moreover, statistically significant differences were found in the factors “school climate,” “problemsolving and decision making,” and “student management,” in favor of older principals; in the factors “organization and administration” and “professional development of the principal,” in favor of principals with 1519 years of experience; and in the factor “cooperation with the ministry’s officials,” in favor of principals with 1014 years of experience. ) There is a discrepancy between the perceptions of PE teachers and their principals of effective school administration. This suggests the need for improving principals’ competence through specific training. *+:  leadership development, leadership preparation, School improvement, Principals’ leadership style  School leadership has worldwide been recognized as a key factor in the improvement of schools (Sebastian & Allensworth, 2012) and in the efficiency of school organization, in relation to school success and students’ achievement (Hopkins, 2001; Leithwood & Rielh, 2003; Brauckmann & Pashiardis, 2009; Marzano et al., 2005; Kythreotis et al., 2010). Specialists in the field of educational leadership have stated that an essential element of an effective school is an effective principal. In addition, many studies suggest that the two factors that have the greatest impact on students’ achievement are classroom teaching and educational leadership (Coelli & Green, 2012; Hallinger, 2011; Robinson et al., 2008; Urick & Bowers, 2011). Moreover, school leadership comes only second to classroom teaching among the factors related to school effectiveness (Louis et al., 2010; Leithwood et al., 2004). There is compelling evidence that some leadership behaviors are more effective than others in promoting student learning (Bush, 2018). In addition, success in achieving the school’s goals and purposes is a true reflection of successful leadership practices in school (AlJaradat & ZaidAlkilani, 2015). Recognizing the crucial role of the principal in its effect on student results (Heck & Hallinger 2014; Sammons et al., 2011; Louis et al., 2010), but also on factors related to the teaching staff (Taliadorou, & Pashiardis 2015; Hulpia et al., 2011), the present study attempted to explore managerial attitude based on specific performance criteria, using as effectiveness indicators the perceptions of physical education (PE) teachers and those of the principals themselves. PE teachers teach a cognitive subject with specific goals, a distinct structure and organization, and a greater workload (Mäkelä et al., 2014b; Mäkelä & Hirvensalo 2015;