Slovenska pediatrija 2022 | 185 Pregledni članek / Review article Prehrana doječe matere Nutrition during breastfeeding Izvleček Materino mleko je najbolj primerna hrana za novorojenčka, ki otroku omogoča ustrezno rast in razvoj. Svetovna zdravstve- na organizacija in Sklad Združenih narodov za otroke (Uni- cef) priporočata prvi podoj v prvi uri življenja, nato izključno dojenje do dopolnjenega 6. meseca starosti in nadaljevanje dojenja vsaj do dopolnjenega drugega leta starosti in za tem do tedaj, ko to želita doječa mati in otrok. Materino mleko se v prvih mesecih otrokovega življenja neprestano spreminja in pokrije vse njegove prehranske potrebe. Poleg življenjske- ga sloga matere na sestavo mleka vplivata tudi njena prehra- na in prehransko stanje, zato je priporočljivo, da doječa mati med dojenjem dosledno upošteva načela pestre in uravno- težene prehrane. Ključne besede: dojenje, novorojenček, materino mleko, žensko mleko, prehrana, makrohranila, mikrohranila. Abstract Breast milk is the most suitable food for a newborn baby, enabling it to grow and develop appropriately. The World Health Organisation and the United Nations Internation- al Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) recommend that a baby be breastfed for the frst time within the frst hour of life, then exclusively breastfed for 6 months, then continued breastfeeding for at least 2 years, and then for as long as the breastfeeding mother and child wish. Breast milk is constant- ly changing during the frst few months of a baby's life and meets all his/her nutritional needs. In addition to the moth- er's lifestyle, the composition of the milk is also infuenced by the mother's diet, so the breastfeeding mother should follow a healthy and balanced diet during breastfeeding. Key words: breastfeeding, newborn, breast milk, human milk, nutrition, macronutrients, micronutrients. Neža Lipovec, Kaja Kranjc, Evgen Benedik