IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735. Volume 7, Issue 2 (Jul. - Aug. 2013), PP 40-45 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org 40 | Page Parametric Variation Based Analysis AND Effective Design of Rectangular Patch Antenna for Bluetooth Application Riaz Ahmed Soomro 1 , Ahsan Memon 2 , Anum Talpur 3 , Daniyal Akhtar 4 , Pinkesh Rajani 5 , Natasha Baloch 6 1,2,3,4,5,6 Institute of Communication Technologies (ICT), Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Mehran U.E.T, Jamshoro, Pakistan Abstract : This paperdevelops an understanding of creating and improving the design of microstripantenna by the performance analysis of resultsfromitsvarious configurationsrelating to rectangular patch microstripantenna. Furthermore, itaccommodates a simulated patch antennawith effective results for bluetooth applicationsatafrequency of 2.4GHz. The proposed antenna is not only designed on the formulated calculations but also analyzed on different sizes, positions and orientations of substrate, feeding point and slots respectively. Propagation parameters are greatly improved by amendments suggested by the analysis of the variation based studies provided by this paper. The initial resultsobtained using formulae based designs are compared with the ameliorated results to illustrate the effects of such variations on antenna parameters. The final antenna show significantly improved return losses of -46.7dB, VSWR of 1.0093, Bandwidth of 180MHz and a far field radiation pattern with a gain of 2.2782dB. The Antenna designed is optimized and interpreted with Ansoft HFSS 13.0 simulator. Keywords: Bluetooth, rectangular patch antenna, feedpoint, trial and error method, slot orientation, wide bandwidth. I. Introduction The evolution of patch antenna in the past few years, has greatly optimized the performance of communication systems. In particular, size and efficiency of antennae have been greatly improved due to research in patch antennae.[1]shows a detailed study of patch antennae comprising of characteristics that improve bandwidth.Microstrip patch antennaspecialty over other antennaeare low profile, compactness, light weight and ease of fabrication. Applications, in particular, Wireless LAN, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Missile guiding systems and Microwave engineering require systems with small sizes, which is comparatively easier toachieve through the use of patch antennae. The ISM band inhibitsone of the largestconcentration of applications, most of which lie at the frequency of 2.4GHz. In wireless communications, Bluetooth Technology is a non-line-of-sight communication system that supports short distances and low data rate with an operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. Notableresearch has been carried out and published in patch antenna designingusing T-shaped slots in ground plane [7] that provide wide bandwidth, circular patches [2] that provide dual band applications, U-notch [3] and rectangular patch[4] with improved bandwidth. In [7] a novel idea of incorporating ground plane into plane of patch was published, yielding return losses of -35dB at 2.4GHz, whereas, in [4], a simple rectangular patch is introduced with return losses of -30dB at 2.4GHz. More recently, developments in patch antenna provide us with the evidence that slots in patches improve gain, bandwidth and losses exhibited by antennae, [5] show an example of high gain slot coupled patch antenna and [6] relates the creation of slot with high bandwidth application. Interestingly, different antennae configurations having change in position and orientation of slot in the patch have shown to be very different from each other. This paper presents a study of configurations of antenna relating to feeding point, height, size of substrate and position of slot into the patch. With variations in these parameters we observe different patterns whichprovide a study of behavior of radiation parameters of an antenna. With a frequency sweep of 1GHz to 10GHz, we observe changes with respect to height, length, width of substrate and position of rectangular slot and hence, we design an efficient patch antenna with a simple rectangular patch. II. Antenna Design Relations Initially, parametric equations were used to design an antenna with center frequency of 2.4 GHz. Fr4 epoxy was used as a substrate material due to its ease in application in PCB designing. It has a permittivity constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.01. A very effective approximation of width of patch[9] was found by: