1 3 Arch Gynecol Obstet DOI 10.1007/s00404-014-3275-8 GENERAL GYNECOLOGY The platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolase, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, paraoxonase 1 and arylesterase levels in treated and untreated patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Ayse Carlioglu · Ikbal Kaygusuz · Feridun Karakurt · Ilknur Inegol Gumus · Aysel Uysal · Benan Kasapoglu · Ferah Armutcu · Sema Uysal · Esra Aktepe Keskin · Cemile Koca Received: 15 November 2013 / Accepted: 28 April 2014 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 and they were statistically significantly lower in patients treated with metformin or Diane-35 than untreated PCOS patients. In contrast, there were lower PON1 (not statisti- cally significant) and ARE (statistically significant) levels in untreated PCOS patients than the control group and they significantly increased after metformin and Diane-35 treat- ments. In PCOS patients serum PON1 levels for QQ, QR and RR phenotypes were statistically significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion In patients with PCOS, proatherogenic markers increase. The treatment of PCOS with metformin or Diane-35 had positive effects on lipid profile, increased PON1 level, which is a protector from atherosclerosis and decreased the proatherogenic PAF-AH and ox-LDL levels. Keywords Polycystic ovary syndrome · Platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolyze · Oxidized LDL · Paraoxonase1 · Paraoxonase1 phenotypes · Arylesterase Abstract Purpose To evaluate the platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolyze (PAF-AH), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox- LDL), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), arylesterase (ARE) levels and the effects of metformin and Diane-35 (ethinyl oestra- diol + cyproterone acetate) therapies on these parameters and to determine the PON1 polymorphisms among PCOS patients. Methods Ninety patients with PCOS, age 30, and body mass index-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: metformin treatment, Diane-35 treatment and no medication groups. The treatment with metformin or Diane-35 was continued for 6 months and all subjects were evaluated with clini- cal and biochemical parameters 6 months later. One-way Anova test, t test and non-parametric Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. Results PAF-AH and ox-LDL levels were statistically sig- nificantly higher in untreated PCOS patients than controls, A. Carlioglu Department of Endocrinology, Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey I. Kaygusuz (*) · I. I. Gumus · E. A. Keskin Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turgut Ozal University School of Medicine, Ciftlik Cad. No:57, Emek, 06510 Ankara, Turkey e-mail: ikbal_cekmen@yahoo.com F. Karakurt Department of Endocrinıology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey A. Uysal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey B. Kasapoglu Department of Internal Medicine, Turgut Ozal University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey F. Armutcu Department of Biochemistry, Turgut Ozal University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey S. Uysal Department of Biochemistry, Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey C. Koca Department of Biochemistry, Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey