1063-7745/05/5003- $26.00 © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc. 0367
Crystallography Reports, Vol. 50, No. 3, 2005, pp. 367–373. Translated from Kristallografiya, Vol. 50, No. 3, 2005, pp. 411–417.
Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Zubkova, Pushcharovsky, Giester, Pekov, Turchkova, Chukanov, Tillmanns.
INTRODUCTION
Zorite Na
6
Ti(Ti,Nb)
4
(Si
6
O
17
)
2
(O,OH)
5
× nH
2
O,
where n ~ 11, is a typical representative of natural
microporous heteropolyhedral-framework silicates
having pronounced zeolite properties. Zorite was
described as a new mineral from the famous Yubilei-
naya pegmatite, a large hyperagpaitic pegmatite mined
at Karnasurt Mountain of the Lovozero alkaline massif
(Kola Peninsula, Russia) [1]. In the Yubileinaya pegma-
tite, zorite involved in the late hydrothermal assem-
blage is very abundant. This mineral is also present in
several pegmatites at Karnasurt Mountain but has not
been found anywhere else in the world. No known min-
erals have structures analogous to the crystal structure
of zorite, which is based on a mixed framework formed
by xonotlite-like [Si
6
O
17
] ribbons consisting of eight-
membered tetrahedral rings. The ribbons are extended
along the [001] direction and are linked to each other by
columns of vertex-sharing (Ti,Nb)O
6
octahedra and
isolated (Ti,Nb)O
5
half-octahedra. The framework
includes two systems of zeolite channels running along
the [010] (the minimum diameter is 4.3 Å) and [001]
(the minimum diameter is 4.6 Å) directions. These
channels are randomly occupied by Na atoms and H
2
O
molecules. Sodium atoms occupy two nonequivalent
positions and have, correspondingly, octahedral coordi-
nation formed by four O atoms and two H
2
O molecules
and sevenfold coordination formed by O atoms.
According to [2], the polyhedral framework of
zorite contains two types of rods parallel to the [010]
direction. The rods of the first type contain tilting zig-
zag columns of the (Ti,Nb)O
6
octahedra fastened by
Si(1)O
4
tetrahedra. This structural fragment of zorite
corresponds to the 7.238-Å period along the b axis and
resembles those observed in nenadkevichite
(Na,K)
2 - x
[(Nb,Ti)
2
(Si
4
O
12
)(O,OH)
2
] × 4H
2
O [3] and
other minerals of the labuntsovite group. The rods of
the second type are formed by TiO
5
half-octahedra and
half-occupied Si(2)O
4
tetrahedra. If these tetrahedra
were completely occupied, the adjacent Si(2)O
4
tetra-
hedra along the [010] direction would be linked
together by sharing faces. This fragment of the polyhe-
dral framework, as well as the Na atoms and water mol-
ecules located in the channels of the framework, is
responsible for possible doubling of the period along
the b axis. The disordered arrangement of this fragment
results in the absence of periodicity along the a and c
axes and is responsible for the OD character of the
structure as a whole [2].
In 1996, the first data on the synthetic analog of
zorite were published. This analog was called ETS-4
(Engelhard Titanium Silicate-4). The synthesis was car-
ried out under hydrothermal conditions, and the prod-
uct was obtained as thin intergrowths of two titanosili-
cates, which are analogs of zorite (ETS-4) and “Ti-
nenadkevichite” (korobitsynite, an orthorhombic Ti-
dominant member of the labuntsovite group) [4, 5]. The
Rietveld refinement of the ETS-4 structure confirmed
its similarity to the zorite structure [6]. However, in
contrast to zorite, both Ti atoms in ETS-4 have octahe-
dral coordination. Later, the crystal structure of the Sr-
exchanged form of ETS-4 was also studied by powder
X-ray diffraction [7]. This structure was considered as
a result of microintergrowth of four polymorphs, which
STRUCTURE
OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Crystal Structures of K- and Cs-Exchanged Forms of Zorite
N. V. Zubkova*, D. Yu. Pushcharovsky*, G. Giester**, I. V. Pekov*, A. G. Turchkova*,
N. V. Chukanov***, and E. Tillmanns**
* Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, Vorob’evy gory, Moscow, 119992 Russia
e-mail: dmitp@geol.msu.ru
** Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography, Geocenter, University of Vienna,
Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
*** Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia
Received October 1, 2004
Abstract—The crystal structures of K- and Cs-exchanged forms of zorite were studied by X-ray diffraction
and IR spectroscopy: K
4.75
Na
1.82
[Ti(Ti
0.79
Nb
0.20
)
4
Si
12
O
34
(O,OH)
5.2
] × 10.62 H
2
O (sp. gr. Cmmm, R = 0.0481 for
516 independent reflections) and Cs
4.34
Na
1.90
[Ti(Ti
0.80
Nb
0.18
)
4
Si
12
O
34
(é,éç)
5
] × 5.37 H
2
O (sp. gr. Cmmm, R =
0.0285 for 621 independent reflections). Both structures retain the mixed polyhedral framework of zorite:
Na
6
Ti(Ti,Nb)
4
(Si
6
O
17
)
2
(O,OH)
5
× nH
2
O, where n ~ 11. It is shown that the positions of the atoms located in the
cavities of the frameworks of these compounds differ from those in the structures of zorite and its synthetic ana-
logs. © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.