Volume 9, Issue 1, January – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ISSN No:-2456-2165 IJISRT24JAN868 www.ijisrt.com 722 Experimental Investigation and Optimization of Municipal Waste Biomass for Applicative Approach in Electrochemical Energy Storage Dhritiman Das 1* Department of Energy Engineering Assam Science and Technology University Guwahati, India Dr. Ashim Kumar Basumatary 2 Department of Chemical Engineering Assam Engineering College Guwahati, India Abstract:- Biochar acts as a promising material in energy storage applications due to its porous structures. In this study, Coconut shells (CS) and Assam lemon peel (ALP) are studied and optimized based on the required properties for electrochemical energy storage systems. The biomass are collected and the fine powder is prepared using powder mettalurgy route. Then the raw biomass was converted to biochar by slow pyrolysis using a fixed bed reactor in different parameters to find the best optimum biochar for further experimental process designed for energy storage systems. The best-optimized biochar obtained is the lemon peel biochar at 500 0 C with heating rate of 15 0 C (ALPB500/15). The maximum solid char yield attained for both the coconut shell and Assam lemon peel biochar is 46% and 27% respectively at 500 0 C at 15 0 C/min. According to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis the pore volume, pore size and surface area acquired for the Assam lemon peel biochar (ALPB) sample increases with an augment in pyrolytic temperature whereas in coconut shell biochar (CSB) the BET surface area shows no significant rise. Thus, the best optimized sample according to BET analysis is found to be LPB500/15. Thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA) displays that the obtained sample is thermally stable with LPB500/15 showing type II isotherm and H3 hysteresis. Keywords:- Coconut Shell Biochar, Assam Lemon Peel Biochar, Pyrolysis, Pore Size Distribution, Optimization. I. INTRODUCTION The demand for clean and green energy with ever- alarmingly rise in climate change is growing at a faster rate. Fossil fuels is an alternate energy sources that has led to uncontrollable depletion. Thus, an alternate renewable energy which is also easily available at low cost is the need of the hour. Also, the climate change, air pollution are the major concern in today’s world that requires urgent attention to be tackled soon and in a wise manner. The biomass in such case is very suitable candidate as an alternate renewable energy source and also can be used for energy production, conversion and storage[1]. Carbon is the most abundant material on the earth and it provides the basis for the storage of renewable energy in various forms. Carbon-based materials play an important role in energy storage system like in Li-ion battery, hydrogen storage, electrodes in supercapacitors, solar drying applications, and much more. Demand for high performance energy storage devices is increasing day by day with the enhancement in the price of the fossil fuels. Electric Vehicles also needs energy in the form of kinetic energy when vehicles accelerate. Capacitors have a property of instant charging and discharging, however due[2] to its poor energy density as compared to Li-ion batteries it is still in the hold. Moreover, supercapacitors can be the most potential replacement for batteries with improved performance. Electrodes is a important part in improving the performance of a capacitor as the material in the electrode can be develop using biochars or biochar based composites. Activation of biochar in the form of physical or chemical may lead to more porosity and surface area which can be more useful for energy storage systems and also lignin content of biomass excels thermal conductivity as reported by some literatures[3]. Dissimilar thermal treatment of biomass like pyrolysis leads to biochar production that is useful for energy storage applications due to its porous nature. Activated biochar of peanut shell is used in zinc-air batteries and super capacitance[4]. Bardalai et al[5] illustrate the production of areca catechu dust biochar manufacture through pyrolysis. Bamboo, Betel Nutshell, and Rice straw were taken for investigation on pyrolysis kinetics and thermal properties in the N2 atmosphere[6]. Agricultural residues and municipal wastes in the form of biochar are being studied in the utilization of electrochemical energy storage devices[7]. The biochar based materials are also sources for hydrogen production along with hydrogen storage[2]. Citrus peels of orange was studied by converting to biochar with varying pyrolytic temperatures to 300 0 C to 700 0 C and found that on increasing pyrolytic temperature the char yield decreased, oxygen content reduced whereas carbon and energy content increased[8]. Thus, different biomass-derived biochar has energy storage applications that need to be studied more precisely with diverse absorbent materials to trap the energy increasing the sustainability potential of the biochar. Biochar with some phase change materials (PCMs) such as metal alloys, alcohols, fatty acids, paraffin, etc., is proved to be most potential composites for energy storage [9]–[11] which proves that biochar has a bigger role to play in energy storage. Thus, in this paper an optimized biochar material in