Citation: Moussa, R.A. A Responsive
Approach for Designing Shared
Urban Spaces in Tourist Villages.
Sustainability 2023, 15, 7549. https://
doi.org/10.3390/su15097549
Academic Editors: HyungKyoo Kim
and Changyeon Lee
Received: 25 February 2023
Revised: 28 April 2023
Accepted: 28 April 2023
Published: 4 May 2023
Copyright: © 2023 by the author.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
4.0/).
sustainability
Article
A Responsive Approach for Designing Shared Urban Spaces in
Tourist Villages
Rasha A. Moussa
Architecture Department, College of Architecture and Design, Prince Sultan University,
Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; rmoussa@psu.edu.sa or rasha.amoussa@gmail.com
Abstract: Tourist villages are constructed as a means for reducing the stress caused by the rapid
changes in modern life by providing a comfortable environment for users to integrate with. Never-
theless, many villages cannot achieve a satisfactory performance level due to the ignorance of urban
designers of the relationship between humans and their environment and its impact on developing
successful urban spaces. This paper aims to analyze and measure the impact of humanitarian needs
on the spatial formation of shared urban spaces in three tourist villages on the Northern Coast in
Egypt, as it is one of the significant areas that the government and the private sector focus on devel-
oping and considering as a domestic and international touristic area. Furthermore, the study uses
different quantitative techniques to achieve its goals, such as spatial analysis and data analysis of user
questionnaires using SPSS to measure the factors that affect each need. The study’s findings place
special emphasis on the connection between spatial formation’s capacity for meeting and satisfying
user needs. Moreover, the results highlight design criteria that contribute to creating responsive urban
spaces and should be considered by urban designers to achieve the highest performance quality in
these shared spaces and generate social sustainability.
Keywords: humanitarian needs; shared urban spaces; behavioral processes; design criteria; social
sustainability
1. Introduction
Urban spaces play a crucial role in achieving social sustainability, as they act as centers
for social interaction and mediums for practicing various activities [1]. In addition, their
spatial formation and the distribution of landscape elements constitute clear indicators of
the cultural, economic, and social level of their users.
In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the rapid development and complex
manifestation of modern life caused additional psychological pressures on humans. Ac-
cordingly, the private and governmental real estate sectors in several cities started to invest
in specific types of projects with a distinctive nature that meet the special needs of peo-
ple. Among the most prominent of these projects are the tourist villages, which spread
significantly along the coastal cities and rely mostly on creating a comfortable environment
for people to relieve the pressures of daily routine [2]. One of the main pillars that attract
people to these villages is that they are associated with a high percentage of green open
spaces, which vary from private property to semi-private or public (shared) spaces.
The shared spaces are public open spaces that are distributed across the village and
surrounded by residential units. In addition, some contain more than one activity to fulfill
various needs of users, such as kids’ playgrounds, swimming pools, and seating areas [3].
The main problem, as outlined in this study, is the failure of many tourist villages,
despite the importance of shared open spaces, to achieve their goals due to the lack of certain
components that encourage people to stay. Furthermore, some urban designers organize
physical and landscape components without considering the psychological, sensory, and
social needs of the users, which negatively affects the efficiency of these spaces and may
Sustainability 2023, 15, 7549. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097549 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability