Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 49 (2023) 103345
Available online 27 July 2023
2214-157X/© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Heat and mass transfer for MHD nanofuid fow on a porous
stretching sheet with prescribed boundary conditions
Sina Sadighi
a
, Hossein Afshar
b, *
, Mohsen Jabbari
a
,
Hossein Ahmadi Danesh Ashtiani
a
a
Department of Mechanical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
b
Department of Mechanical Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
A R T I C L E INFO
Handling Editor: Huihe Qiu
Keywords:
Exact solution
MHD
Viscous dissipation
Concentration power-law exponent
Porous medium
ABSTRACT
A theoretical study is conducted in order to scrutinize the thermodynamic frst law of the MHD
nanofuid fow with an inclined magnetic feld, radiation, heat source/sink, viscous dissipation,
Joule heating, concentration power-law exponent, and the chemical reaction on a porous
stretching surface immersed within a permeable Darcian medium. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
(CoFe
2
O
4
) have been combined with pure water to form a nanofuid called CoFe
2
O
4
/H
2
O. The
controlling mathematical equations for MHD nanofuid fow are transformed through similarity
transformation into non-dimensional equations. The exact solutions for the energy and mass
transfer equations are provided in terms of confuent hypergeometric function. The effects of
controlling parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profles are discussed and
illustrated with fgures and tables. According to the results, increasing the concentration power-
law exponent yields a rise in the Sherwood number (PSC) magnitude and the wall concentration
(PMF). Furthermore, the 3-D plots showed that the skin friction coeffcient is directly related to
the Hartmann number, suction parameter, and nanoparticle volume fraction parameter.
1. Introduction
In order for heat transfer effciency to be affected, the thermal conductivity level has to be high. Contrary to conventional fuids,
metals conduct thermal energy quite well. Because they have low thermal conductivity, classical heat transfer fuids including water
and ethylene glycol lack the capability to meet modern cooling needs. As the name suggests, nanofuid consists of the base fuid in
combination with ultrafne nanoparticles. In order to use nanofuids in numerous practical applications, one needs to be familiar with
the characteristics of nanofuids, such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and specifc heat. Among many useful, practical applications
of nanofuids, it could be mentioned as refrigeration, air conditioning, microelectronics, processors for portable computers, etc.
Moreover, applying magnetic nanofuid systems to drug delivery and biomedical technology is essential for differential diagnosis,
hyperthermia, and targeted drug delivery. Nanofuids may also be useful as an antibacterial agent to overcome antibiotic resistance.
Spinel ferrite nanomaterials (SFNs) have developed as an advanced nanostructured material in nanoscience and technology due to
their highly desirable properties at nanometric sizes. Additionally, coupled heat and mass transfer involve many natural chemical
reactions. It is possible to experience chemical reactions in processes as diverse as damage to crops due to freezing, drying, moisture,
and distribution of temperatures in groves of fruit trees and agricultural felds, energy transfer in a wet cooling tower, evaporation at
* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: Hossein.afshar@iau.ac.ir (H. Afshar).
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/csite
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.103345
Received 4 August 2022; Received in revised form 9 July 2023; Accepted 26 July 2023