Int. J. Global Warming, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2020 235
Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
How to reduce environmental impact of hamburger
menu?
Serap Nazır
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Yeditepe University,
34755 Kayisdagi Istanbul, Turkey
Fax: +90-212-310-2824
Email: serapcan54@gmail.com
Mustafa Özilgen*
Department of Food Engineering,
Yeditepe University,
34755 Kayisdagi Istanbul, Turkey
Fax: +90-212-310-2824
Email: ozilgen.mustafa@gmail.com
*Corresponding author
Abstract: Hamburgers recently draw huge attention because of their
contribution to global warming because of the energy utilised and CO2 emitted
during their production. If beef should be replaced with chicken, the chemical
fertilisers should be replaced with their microbial counter parts, and electric
power should be generated by combusting the restaurant waste, it will be
possible to achieve 60% reductions in both energy utilisation and CO2
emissions. If the improvements suggested in this study should be implemented
globally, in case of production of 1,000,000 t of hamburger menu, 3.24 × 10
10
MJ less energy would be utilised and 7.35 × 10
9
t less CO2 would be emitted to
the atmosphere.
Keywords: beef burger menu; chicken burger menu; chemical fertilisers;
emission reduction; microbial fertilisers.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nazır, S. and Özilgen, M.
(2020) ‘How to reduce environmental impact of hamburger menu?’,
Int. J. Global Warming, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp.235–254.
Biographical notes: Serap Nazır earned a BS in Food Engineering from the
Ege University and has PhD in Chemical Engineering from the Yeditepe
University. She is a quality control manager in one of the major super market
chains in Turkey. She works on improving the sustainability in food production
as a major part of her industrial activities.
Mustafa Özilgen is a Chemical Engineer and a Professor at Yeditepe University
in Turkey. He has BS and MS degrees from the Middle East Technical
University (Turkey) and PhD from University of California at Davis (USA). He
taught classes at the Middle East Technical University, Massey University
(New Zealand) and University of California at Davis (USA) and worked as a
consultant at Marmara Research Center (Turkey). He is an author of five books