Start-up test of an underground digester treating
organic waste
Kalloum Slimane
Attaché de Recherche
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Kalloum_sli@yahoo.fr
Djaafri Mohammed
Attaché de Recherche
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Kaidi Kamel
Technicien supérieur
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Khelafi Mostafa
Attaché de Recherche
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Tahri Ahmed
Chargé d’Etude
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Salem Fethya
Chargé d’Etude
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Touzi Abdelkader
Unit of Research in Renewable Energies in
Saharan Medium
Adrar Algeria
Abstract— In this paper we studied the start-up of an
underground digester with a useful volume of 4 m
3
in Saharan
medium. 320 kg of waste taken from Adrar city slaughterhouses
were treated during 60 days. During this study, we followed
several parameters evolution such as: pH, volatile fatty acid
(VFA), the temperature inside the digester, chemical oxygen
demand (COD), pressure and the volume of biogas produced.
The results obtained showed in the beginning of anaerobic
digestion a fast drop in the pH. The VFA variation was inversely
proportional to the pH variation. We noted a temperature
decrease inside the digester during hydrolysis phase. Biogas
inflammability was obtained since the 25
th
day of digestion. The
results showed also an organic mater reduction in order of 49%.
Keywords- underground digester; anaerobic digestion; organic
waste; biogas, VFA; COD
I. INTRODUCTION
Questions related to the solid waste final disposal and
treatment constitutes one of the most serious problems faced
by contemporary societies. The volume of waste has
increased, and due to the lack of control and treatment
alternatives and absence of regulations in developing
countries, most of this material is disposed on open land,
which causes serious environmental problems.
Organic solid waste anaerobic digestion, especially urban solid
waste organic fraction, is of great importance in solid waste
management, because in most of the developing countries the
fermentable organic solid waste represents the major fraction
(50wt.%)[1].
Anaerobic treatment consists of organic material
decomposition in the absence of free oxygen and produces
methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia and traces of other gases
and can reduce half of organic matter[2].
Anaerobic digestion is carried out in reactors called digesters,
or bioreactors. Digesters are generally composed of a closed
container, airtight and thermally insulated from the outside in
which different microorganisms are joining together to
degrade the substrate. The choice of the digester depends on
the type of waste to be treated and the target application. There
are several types of reactors such as upflow anaerobic sludge
blanket (UASB) reactor, anaerobic packed-bed (APB) and
underground reactors [3].
The latter is better adapted for developing countries because it
is easy to build, does not require much maintenance and is the
unless cost[4].
In this work we are interested in testing an underground
digester built in the Renewable energy research unit in the
Sahara medium in order to check its feasibility and its
working. The results obtained were encouraging; we succeed
digestion of slaughterhouse waste with a yield of organic
matter removal of 49% and production of a combustible gas
(biogas).
978-1-4244-8782-0/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE