Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy in the Recent Literature: Is it Worth to Reconstruct the Nerve? Julian España Peña 1 , Mariano Socolovsky 2 , Gilda di Masi 2 , Liverana Lauretti 3 , Francesco Doglietto 3 and Eduardo Fernandez 3 1 Neurosurgical Department, Hospital San Vicente de Paúl, University of Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia 2 Neurosurgical Department, Hospital de Clínicas, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine and Hospital de Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina 3 Neurosurgical Department, Hospital Gemelli, Catholic University of Rome, Italy Introduction The affection of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) is the most common nerve palsy of the lower limb, probably due to its superficial location lateral to the surgical neck of the fibula. Functional outcome after reconstruction of this nerve is classically described as disappointing when compared with other frequently injured nerves. We analyzed seven recently published articles, to determine if this bad prognosis is still the rule, and if there is any way to obtain better results in this pathology. 1) MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES IN 318 OPERATIVE COMMON PERONEAL NERVE LESIONS AT THE LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER Kim D, Murovic J, Tiel RL, Kline D. Neurosurgery 54:1421-1429, 2004. Information The authors of this paper have designed and performed a retrospective study to compare the outcome of 318 surgical common peroneal nerve lesions at knee- level, managed at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center between 1967 and 1999 (32-year period). The largest proportion of these injures were associated with blunt trauma to the knee. Ligamentous and meniscus injuries associated with instability and dislocation of the knee joint accounted for 141 of 318 (44%) of the operated CPN injuries. The same type of injury when associated with a tibial or fibular fracture or dislocation accounted for another 7% (22 of 318); that is, more than 50% of the injuries are related to closed trauma to the knee, the other six types of injuries were tumor (13%), lacerations (12%), entrapments (9%), compressions (7%), iatrogenic injuries (4%), and gunshot wounds (4%). In this group of patients, after performing neurolysis, 107 (88%) of 121 knee- level common peroneal nerve lesions with positive intraoperative nerve action potentials, recovered useful function. Nineteen patients underwent end-to-end suture repair, and 16 (84%) of these achieved good recovery by 24 months. Graft repair was performed in 138 peroneal nerve injuries.