ISSN: 2410-9649 Pawlos et al / Chemistry International 8(1) (2022) 1-11 iscientic.org.
1
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Article type:
Research article
Article history:
Received October 2021
Accepted December 2021
January 2022 Issue
Keywords:
Wild edible plant
Fruit
Embelia schimperi Vatke
Essential metals
Non-essential metals
Ethiopia
Fruit is one of the major dietary sources of various antioxidant phytocompounds
for humans. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of macro and trace
metals in Embelia schimperi Vatke, a wild edible plant fruit and its underlying soil
samples collected from three different areas (Chencha, Dega Damot and Fiche) of
Ethiopia. Levels of selected metals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) were determined
by microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Known weight of oven-dried
Embelia schimperi Vatke fruit samples were wet-digested using 3 mL of (6972%)
HNO3 and 1 mL of (70%) HClO4 for (2:30 h) at temperature of (270
o
C) and its soil
with 3 mL of (69-72%) HNO3, 1 mL of (70%) HClO4 and 1 mL of (35%) HCl for 2 h
at temperature of 240
o
C. The validity of the optimized procedure was evaluated
by the analysis of spiked samples whose recovery was in the range of 90.5108%.
The mean concentration range (mg/kg) of metals in Embelia schimperi Vatke fruit
samples were K (1329017972), Mg (681855), Fe (337774), Ca (47895380),
Zn (22.835.8), Cu (10.214.9), Mn (36.448.2), Pb (4.425.21) and Cd
(0.250.33), respectively. In the soil samples, highest concentration was observed
for Fe, followed by Ca, K, Mn and Mg, while lowest concentration was shown by Cd
which was below detection limit in all the soil samples. One way analysis of
variance indicated a significant difference between levels of metals (K and Mg).
Bioaccumulation factors exhibited significantly higher accumulation of K and Ca
from the soil to the fruits, but for other elements, it was less than 1. The results
revealed that the soil properties significantly affected the metal levels in the fruits.
© 2022 International Scientific Organization: All rights reserved.
Capsule Summary: The levels of selected essential and non-essential metals in a wild edible plant fruit, Embelia schimperi Vatke,
and its underlying soil samples collected from three different areas of Ethiopia were determined by microwave plasma-atomic
emission spectroscopy. Pb content was higher than the WHO permissible level while Cd was present at trace level, which need
to be monitored regularly.
Cite This Article As: Z. Pawlos, B. S. Chandravanshi, W. Yohannes and A. Embiale. Levels of selected metals in wild edible plant
Embelia schimperi Vatke fruit under different agro-ecological zones, Ethiopia. Chemistry International 8(1) (2022) 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6848617
Chemistry International 8(1) (2022) 1-11
Levels of selected metals in wild edible plant Embelia schimperi Vatke fruit under
different agro-ecological zones, Ethiopia
Zelalem Pawlos
1
, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi
1,
*, Weldegebriel Yohannes
1
and
Asamene Embiale
2
1
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia
2
Department of Chemistry, Woldia University, P.O. Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia
*Corresponding author’s E. mail: bscv2006@yahoo.com
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT