Abstract—Anodizing is an electrochemical process that converts the metal surface into a decorative, durable, corrosion-resistant, anodic oxide finish. Aluminum is ideally suited to anodizing, although other nonferrous metals, such as magnesium and titanium, also can be anodized. The anodic oxide structure originates from the aluminum substrate and is composed entirely of aluminum oxide. This aluminum oxide is not applied to the surface like paint or plating, but is fully integrated with the underlying aluminum substrate, so cannot chip or peel. It has a highly ordered, porous structure that allows for secondary processes such as coloring and sealing. In this experimental paper, we focus on a reliable method for fabricating nanoporous alumina with high regularity. Starting from study of nanostructure materials synthesize methods. After that, porous alumina fabricate in the laboratory by anodization of aluminum oxide. Hard anodization processes are employed to fabricate the nanoporous alumina using 0.3M oxalic acid and 90, 120 and 140 anodized voltages. The nanoporous templates were characterized by SEM and FFT. The nanoporous templates using 140 voltages have high ordered. The pore formation, influence of the experimental conditions on the pore formation, the structural characteristics of the pore and the oxide chemical reactions involved in the pore growth are discuss. Keywords—Alumina, Nanoporous Template, Anodization I. INTRODUCTION NODIZING is accomplished by immersing the aluminum into an acid electrolyte bath and passing an electric current through the medium. A cathode is mounted to the inside of the anodizing tank; the aluminum acts as an anode, so that oxygen ions are released from the electrolyte to combine with the aluminum atoms at the surface of the part being anodized. Anodizing is, therefore, a matter of highly controlled oxidation the enhancement of a naturally occurring phenomenon. In 1995 Masuda et al. reported a two-step anodization which leads to a regular distribution of the pores due to a self-organization process [1]. Hamed Rezazadeh is with the Nourabad Mamasani Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran (phone: +987224243836; fax: +987224243836; e-mail: hamed_313@yahoo.com). Majid Ebrahimzadeh is with Arta Nano Fan Avar Pishro Knowledge Base Company, Fars Science and Technology Park. He is so head of research group in the Aluyam department, Behin Sanaat Yam Company, Saadat Abad, Tehran, Iran, (e-mail: pasiran@gmail.com). Mohammad Reza Zeidi Yam is with the Behin Sanaat Yam Company and head of the Aluyam Department. Saadat Abad, Tehran, P.O. Box: 1998755763, Iran. (e-mail: mzeidiyam@yahoo.com). There is a great demand for the use of highly ordered nanohole arrays, which can be produced on a scale of several tens of nanometers through self-organization, in a diversity of applications, such as magnetic storage [2], solar cells [3], carbon nanotubes [4], catalysts[5] and metal nanowires[6]. Porous alumina films formed by anodic oxidation of aluminum have been intensively studied for use as mold to form nanostructured materials. Besides the growth of aluminum oxide in the anodization process, dissolution simultaneously happens at a much slower rate than oxide deposition. It strongly depends on the bath concentration and temperature during the process. The formation and dissolution of aluminum oxide during the electrochemical reaction can be expressed by Eq. (1) and Eq. (2), respectively. Reaction Eq. (1) shows the formation of aluminum oxide and reaction Eq. (2), the chemical dissolution of the oxide layer in oxalic acid. (1) (2) According to Thompson et al., this dissolution mechanism is due to a weakening of the Al-O bonds in the oxide lattice causing dissolution at the film-electrolyte interface [6]. Anderson has shown that, the electrical field is the main reason for the possibility of the ions to move through the barrier layer at all [7]. Under the influence of the high field, the hydroxide ions will move through the oxide to the interface metal-barrier layer. It will react with Al 3+ , which is formed here and form aluminum oxide. If the oxide is formed by the hydroxide rather than the oxygen ions, positive hydrogen ions will move back through the film and into the electrolyte. This means that, the continuous formation of oxide, Eq. (1) is dependent on the ability of migration of aluminum and oxygen ions, through the barrier layer as shown in Fig. 1. In this experimental paper, we describe the set-up to grow nanoporous self-organized alumina templates using voltages [8-9]. We used two step hard anodization methods for fabrication of nanoporous anodic alumina template. Hamed Rezazadeh, Majid Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad Reza Zeidi Yam Fabrication of Nanoporous Template of Aluminum Oxide with High Regularity using Hard Anodization Method A 2Al + 3H 2 O Al 2 O 3 + 6H + + 6e - Al 2 O 3 + 6H + 2Al 3+ + 3H 2 O World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Vol:6, No:10, 2012 892 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 6(10) 2012 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/11121 International Science Index, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Vol:6, No:10, 2012 waset.org/Publication/11121