International Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019; 7(4): 110-114 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijgg doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20190704.14 ISSN: 2376-7340 (Print); ISSN: 2376-7359 (Online) Nanoparticles Induce Oxidative Stress in HT-29 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line After 24 and 48 Hour Exposure Metin Budak 1, 2 1 Department of Biophysics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey 2 Mirko Tos Ear and Hearing Research Center, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey Email address: To cite this article: Metin Budak. Nanoparticles Induce Oxidative Stress in HT-29 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line After 24 and 48 Hour Exposure. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics. Vol. 7, No. 4, 2019, pp. 110-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20190704.14 Received: August 31, 2019; Accepted: October 18, 2019; Published: October 26, 2019 Abstract: Nanoparticle research is currently an area of intense scientific research, due to a wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields. Nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively a bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutamine synthetase (GS), Catalase (CAT) are some of the defense mechanisms against cellular oxidative stress, especially against free oxygen radicals. In this study, we aimed to investigate that Ag, SiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles affect cancer cell lines (HT-29) and relationship between SOD, GS and CAT. We investigated that alterations in gene expressions of SOD, GS and CAT caused by exposure to nanoparticles in HT-29 cells. The difference between the Ct values (∆Ct) of the gene of interest was calculated for each experimental sample. As a result of Ag, SiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticle application, there was a 2-fold increase in SOD and CAT expression in the first 24 hours compared to control. As a result of 48 hours of application, it was observed that Ag nanoparticles caused 4-fold increase in SOD and 6-fold statistically significant increase in CAT and GS expression of SiO 2 nanoparticles. Consequently, after 48 hours of nanoparticle application, SiO 2 , CAT and GS expression were more effective than 24-hour application. Our results suggest that nanoparticles may cause increased oxidative stress in colon cells and may have therapeutic properties by affecting cancer cells in these aspects. Keywords: Colon Adenocarcinoma, Nanoparticles, Oxidative Stress, SOD, GS, CAT 1. Introduction Materials with dimensions between 1 and 1000 nm are counted as nanomaterials. Since the ratio of nanomaterials to volume of surface areas are much greater than their macro-size states, this free surface energy increases the reactivity of nanoparticles. Since they are generally in the form of needles, they provide an advantage in passing the drugs which they carry with them easily to pass through the cell membrane. While many studies are currently being conducted on the clinical suitability of nanomaterials, there are some studies that are the promising treatments and diagnosis of diseases, especially cancer, due to the physical and chemical properties of these materials [1]. Oxidative stress includes the formation of free radicals, in particular reactive oxygen species such as superoxide molecule, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals (OH) and other reactive oxygen species. Hydrogen peroxide is a stable ROS and increases under various stress conditions. Most of the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) formed in the cells is formed by catalyzing superoxide radicals with superoxide dismutase enzyme [2, 3]. Superoxide anion, H 2 O 2 and hydroxyl radical are biological products produced by reduction of oxygen molecule. Therefore, free radicals play an important role in many disease processes, such as myocardial infarction, diabetes, cancer, cataract, rheumatoid arthritis, infertility, respiratory, nervous and urinary system diseases, have been reported by many researchers [4]. Superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the decomposition of superoxide radical into ordinary