International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2016, 5(2): 27-31
DOI: 10.5923/j.ijtte.20160502.01
Developing Direct Demand AADT Forecasting Models for
Small and Medium Sized Urban Communities
Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi
*
, Michael Anderson
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, USA
Abstract Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is a critical input to many transportation analyses. Due to cost
limitations, AADT data is not typically collected for local roads, however, the necessity of having AADT data for the purpose
of making safety decisions is not diminished in the case of local roads, so a methodology was required to be able to generate
AADT data in areas where manually acquiring data is not economically feasible. This research was conducted to develop
models that can accurately estimate AADTs within a small or medium sized community. The models use a combination of
roadway and socio-economic factors within a quarter-mile buffer of the desired count location. The models were tested using
a collection of statistical tests to ensure the robustness of the models, validated to additional data collected for the community,
and a transferability test of the models was performed to test the ability of the model to accurately predict across different
communities of similar size. The results of the paper indicate that direct demand AADT estimation models can be accurately
developed and transferred to other communities of similar size to support AADT estimation on desired roadways in different
communities.
Keywords Annual Average Daily Traffic, Statistical Analysis, Urban Communities
1. Introduction
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is a critical input
to many transportation analyses, safety assessments,
maintenance schedules, capacity improvements, etc. AADT
is defined as the average 24-hour volume at a highway
location over a full year. The amount of labor and the
associated costs required to collect actual AADT data for
every roadway in a community, even for a small area, are so
extreme that it is unfeasible that any community would be
able to gather AADT data for every roadway in the
community to fully support the transportation analyses
previously mentioned. Due to cost limitations, AADT data
is typically extrapolated from selected 48-hour data counts
taken along major roadways in a community, excluding
local roads from the data collection efforts. However, the
importance of AADT is not diminished on local roads and
the relevance of the data to support public safety decisions
and traffic flow analysis still exists. For example, one area
where having quality AADT data is in the calculation of
crash rates on local roads and the implementation of crash
reduction factors. In order to accurately identify areas in
which high crash levels occur and to successfully
appropriate money wisely on potential improvements,
* Corresponding author:
md0033@uah.edu (Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ijtte
Copyright © 2016 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
quality AADT data is required.
The demand for quality AADT data on local roads,
coupled with the lack of available accurate data, has
prompted this research to examine and develop a model that
can accurately estimate AADTs within a small or medium
sized community. The models use a combination of
roadway and socio-economic factors within a quarter-mile
buffer of the desired count location. The model objectives
were to be able to take data near a desired AADT site and
develop a reasonable estimate of the AADT. In this study,
two medium-sized cities (with metropolitan populations
roughly 300,000) and two smaller cities (with metropolitan
populations roughly 80,000) were selected. Two models
were developed, one for each population size city.
The models were tested using a collection of statistical
tests to ensure the robustness of the models, validated to
additional data collected for the community, and a
transferability test of the models was performed to test the
ability of the model to accurately predict across different
communities of similar size. The results of the paper
indicate that direct demand AADT estimation models can
be accurately developed and transferred to other
communities of similar size to support AADT estimation on
desired roadways in different communities.
2. Literature Review
The collection and development of models for the
development and estimation of AADT is not a novel concept