©2015 Pearl Research Journals Human Intestinal Parasites Associated with Non-biting Flies in Ile-Ife, Nigeria Titus A. B. Ogunniyi 1 , Joshua S. Olajide 1* and Oyelade O. J. 2 Accepted 16 October, 2015 1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, 2 Natural History Museum, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. ABSTRACT Non-biting flies are known to traverse contaminated sites, human habitations and, by extension, food during which enteric pathogens carried from filthy sites are disseminated. Humans, knowingly or unknowingly, ingest such pathogens with food, especially in cases of fresh foods. This study was conducted to elucidate the presence, prevalence and transmission rate of human enteric parasites from contaminated sites in Ile-Ife. Non-biting flies were caught with insect sweep nets from abattoirs, garbage piles, fresh food markets and public latrines between December 2014 and May 2015. Each fly, having been identified, was placed in vial half-filled with normal saline and rocked gently to dislodge the externally attached organism after which it was subsequently dissected to remove the gut content. These were examined under light microscope. 1083 flies were caught, out of which 124 were found with at least one human intestinal parasite. Abattoirs recorded the highest number of infected flies (14.34%). Nine human intestinal parasites were recorded. Entamoeba coli (32.33%) was most prevalent followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (15.79%). Garbage piles had the highest number of flies (324) while public latrines had the highest transmission rate, (19.76%). The difference between the number of parasites retrieved from the body surface and gut content was found statistically significant. Key words: Bionetwork, Human, Intestine, Parasite, Non-Biting Flies. INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases are product of the pathogen, vector, host and environment. Entry or ingestion of human intestinal parasites is always inadvertent and evidences suggest that acquisition of parasites is neither rare nor strictly fortuitous (Lafferty, 2006). Humans actively consume parasites’ free living stages such as eggs, larvae, cyst and trophozoites (Thieltges, 2008). Parasites, often times, pre-munitively coexist and colonize human gastrointestinal tract. Relatively, small numbers of human intestinal parasites are capable of perturbing the orderly intestinal structures or functions (Michael and Farthing, 2003; Fox et al., 1998). Vector-borne human intestinal parasitic diseases are interspersed, many times, by the non-biting flies, which optimize disease and illness (WHO, 2014). This is due to flies ubiquity, overtly divergent and unmatched structures, reproduction, feeding habits and ecological diversity (Bruce, 1988). More still, flies have always inevitably travelled with no territorial boundaries from place to place in search of food or breeding substrates. Consequently, they bridge the bionetwork of spread of human intestinal parasites in un-sanitized developing countries. This is because these flies frequently traverse faecal contaminated and filthy sites (Parrish and Ryan, 2014; Mahfouz et al., 1997). Although, other routes of transmission such as contaminated water, human *Corresponding author. E-mail: jsolajide@yahoo.com. Tel: +2347062819938. Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research Vol. 1 (9), pp. 124-129, November, 2015 ISSN: 2449-1810 Research Paper http://pearlresearchjournals.org/journals/jmbsr/index.html