American Journal of Environmental Engineering 2014, 4(6): 176-181
DOI: 10.5923/j.ajee.20140406.06
Application of Anticorrosive Techniques Compatible with
the Environment to Engineering Education
Fernando B. Mainier
*
, Fabiana R. Leta, Flávio F. Feliciano
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
Abstract The media has shown the major problems caused by pipeline leaks; however, the contamination caused by
storage tanks of fuel and chemicals is not always shown to the general public, especially when the holes are located on the
bottom of the tank. Most of the time the groundwater contamination goes unnoticed and will only be confirmed much later
when soil decontamination is impractical due to the high costs involved. Corrosion problems occurring in gas station tanks
are one of the examples of the everyday discipline concerning corrosion belonging to the courses Chemical Engineering and
Mechanical Engineering of the Universidade Federal Fluminense (Fluminense Federal University), which aims to encompass
anticorrosive techniques compatible with the environment through a program based on basic knowledge of corrosion and
experiments. This work is an attempt to link and integrate the knowledge of corrosion and anticorrosive techniques for the
benefit of the environment in order to develop a scientific-technical approach that includes ideas generated and the
experiences gained in the teaching and researching of these techniques.
Keywords Corrosion, Cathodic protection, Contamination, Environment
1. Introduction
Carbon steel has been the most frequently used material in
most segments of basic production of the assets of society. In
recent decades, there has been considerable progress in both
the manufacture of new ferrous alloys and the development
of new materials. But, because of the low cost and the extent
of the use of carbon steel, field exposure decay is also
expected to occur broadly.
According to Revie [1], corrosion processes have led to a
number of everyday problems in construction, explosions of
boilers, water mains disruptions, and oil spills caused by
holes in tanks and pipelines. In petroleum refining and
petrochemical facilities, about 50% of failures are attributed
to materials corrosion.
According to Roberge [2] and Baeckmann et al. [3], parks
of fuel tanks and chemicals in general are subject to internal
and external corrosion due to the products and the prevailing
environmental conditions, respectively. The risk of pollution
caused by leaks depends on the local hydrogeological
conditions.
Accidents involving environmental pollution load in the
basement often involve petroleum or hazardous chemicals or
both. That charge can also be caused by transport, leakage
due to operational failures, or corrosion of buried pipes and
* Corresponding author:
fmainier@uol.com.br (Fernando B. Mainier)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ajee
Copyright © 2014 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
tanks. The numerous cases of leaks in gas stations from
underground fuel storage tanks have caused irreparable
damage to the environment and compromise the safety and
quality of life of people living in the vicinity of these
locations [4].
Generally, fuel leaks occurring at gas stations into the
environment are caused by internal or external corrosion of
pipes and underground tanks. Brazilian estimates show that
around 40% of these leaks are caused by corrosion and the
remainder by mounting failures, leaking joints, operational
failures, and so on. The damage caused by corrosion damage,
from the economic point of view, leads to extremely high
direct and indirect costs, resulting in considerable waste of
investment, not to mention accidents and loss of life, caused
by contamination, pollution, and lack of safety equipment
[3-5].
In assessing costs, sometimes the value of a new material
to replace the old one is about 20 to 50 times more expensive
events that end up determining the option to use a chemical
additive to delay or inhibit the corrosion process.
This leads to results which are often more disastrous, in
view of the toxicity of these products, eventually leading to
their dumping or leaking into the environment with much
greater aggression.
Due to the astronomical figures for waste – about 3.5% of
Gross National Product – the major industries of the first
world are investing in research in order to rethink projects
and processes in a combinatorial search for solutions that are
more effective and less costly.