Applying Ant Colony Optimisation When Choosing an Individual Learning Trajectory Rukiya Deetjen-Ruiz 1(B ) , Oleg Ikonnikov 2,3 , Shahzool Hazimin Azizam 4 , Darío Salguero García 5 , Juan Carlos Orosco Gavilán 6 , Ivan Otcheskiy 7 , and Roman Tsarev 8,9 1 Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates officialrukiyadeetjen@gmail.com 2 Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 3 Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 4 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia 5 Almería University, Almería, Spain 6 Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú 7 Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia 8 MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Moscow, Russia 9 Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia Abstract. The effectiveness of learning depends in many ways on the organi- zation of the educational process. These days, the educational environment is becoming more flexible and responsive to the needs of students. The traditional form of learning is expanding through the use of new approaches and teaching methods, learning systems, and information technology. Individual learning tra- jectory allows the learner to regulate the order of studying course modules and the pace of mastering the subject material. Decision-making in choosing the learning trajectory can be supported by specialized methods and tools. This paper proposes the use of ant colony optimisation to support decision making on the choice of an individual learning trajectory. #CSOC1120. Keywords: Ant Colony Optimisation · Individual Learning Trajectory · Algorithm · Graph · Path · E-learning 1 Introduction Modern education is characterized by rapid growth of informatization, active use of information and communication technologies in teaching [1–5]. Digitalization of edu- cation is based on the use of technologies that promote individualization of learning, and thus effectively improve the quality of students’ knowledge [6–8]. The problem of individualization of learning to this day is a burning issue in e-learning and pedagogy in general [6, 9]. In order to implement the principle of individualization of educational activities, a teacher needs to organize students’ independent activities, build individual learning © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 R. Silhavy and P. Silhavy (Eds.): CSOC 2023, LNNS 723, pp. 587–594, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35317-8_53