Copyright © 2015 Nasrin Sultana Lucky et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. International Journal of Biological Research, 3 (1) (2015) 46-55 International Journal of Biological Research Journal home page: www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJBR doi: 10.14419/ijbr.v3i1.4486 Research Paper Effects of oxyclozanide (Tremacid®) preparation against fascioliasis on clinical and haematological parameters in cattle of Bangladesh Naim-Ul-Alam 1 , Md. Siddiqul Islam 1 , Md. Matiar Rahman Howlader 2 , Nasrin Sultana Lucky 3 * 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh 2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh 3 Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh *Corresponding author E-mail:nslucky.10@gmail.com Abstract The effects of Oxyclozanide (Tremacid®) on some clinical (body weight) and haematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV, ESR and TLC) were determined in this study. Among 55 cattle, 10 were selected, which were suffering from fascioliasis and divided randomly into two groups. Each group was consisting of five cattle. One was treated with Tremacid® @ (15 mg/kg body weight). Other was kept as an infected control group. Before trials with Tremacid® initial body weight, EPG of liver fluke and hematological parameters were exam- ined. During the experimental period the faecal samples, clinical and hematological parameters were examined on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days for the determination of effects of Tremacid®. A significant reduction of EPG count was found on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of Tremacid® (61.87%, 71.22%, 76.98% and 84.53%) in a treated cattle group. The EPG of an untreated control group was significantly (p<0.01) increased about 3.97%, 7.64%, 11.04% and 64.89% respectively. Total TEC was increased after treatment with Tremacid® and decreased in an untreated control group significantly (p<0.01), Likewise, after treatment with Tremacid® Hb content and PCV were increased, and ESR was decreased. Total leukocyte count (TLC) was decreased and the body weight was increased after Tremacid® treatment in the group A. On the other hand, Hb content PCV and body weight was decreased significantly (p<0.01) in the group B. Keywords: Body Weight; Cattle; Fascioliasis; Haematological Parameter; Oxyclozanide. 1. Introduction Livestock production constitutes one of the principal means of achieving improved living standards in many regions of the devel- oping world. Bangladesh is an agricultural based subtropical coun- try. Livestock is considered to be the backbone of agriculture (Anonymous 1985). In Bangladesh, about 80 percent of the total population lives in rural areas. There are about 44.835 million ruminants (cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep 26.828, 0.544, 16.242, 1.221 million respectively) in Bangladesh (BBS 2010) which plays an important role in the rural economy (Kamaruddin 2003) and the livelihood of rural communities. It provides drought pow- er, milk, and meat, input for crop production and soil fertility and raw material for industry. It is reported that more than 20% of the rural population of our country are engaged in this sub sector for their subsistence (Samad 1996). Livestock contribute approxi- mately 11 percent of the animal protein requirements of humans. The main source of animal protein is livestock and their products. Cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats are the most important livestock in Bangladesh. About 90% of animal protein in our diet comes from fish and livestock. It contributes 2.67 percent to national GDP and 27.0 percent to agricultural GDP and 7 percent to the export earn- ings. Per capita income, is US$ 750, nearly half of the population (40 percent) live in absolute poverty, consume less than 2,122 calories per day and 19.5 percent are hard-core poor (Economic Index, 2010). Parasitism is one of the main constraints limiting livestock productions. It is a vulnerable condition for parasitic diseases in ruminants. Tropical climate together with the water logged and low-lying areas in Bangladesh favor the survival, mul- tiplication, spread and perpetuation of animal parasites (Saiful et al 2003). Fasciola gigantica, which causes fascioliasis, infests 60 percent of ruminants in Bangladesh. Although this species is widespread in the country, its incidence is comparatively high in Sylhet, Chittagong, Chittagong Hill Tract (CHT), Dhaka, Netra- kona, Barisal, Khulna and Faridpur districts. The known interme- diate host in Bangladesh is the snail Lymnaea auricularia. Mortal- ity of animals from parasitic diseases may not be alarming at times but their direct effects in terms of reduced milk, meat, wool, hide production, infertility and loss of stamina of working animals and especially zoonotic impact on human health are considerably greater (Baker and Muller, 1988). There are so many important zoonotic parasitic diseases such as Hydatidosis, Fascioliasis, Settariasis, Trichinellosis, Ascariosis and Amphistomiasis, etc. (Schwabe, 1984). The importance of these diseases as a public health hazard, particularly in rural areas where a close association exists between man and domestic animal is well established (Kabir et al 2010). The Parasitic diseases are responsible for significant losses through morbidity and mortality in cattle in Bangladesh. Parasitism is the major cause hindering the development of livestock population in the country (Shahiduz- zaman et al 1999). Several studies have indicated the incidence of different parasitic diseases and their seasonal prevalence in cattle of Bangladesh (Rahman, 1969, Rahman and Razzak, 1973). In cattle the prevalence of parasitic disease, especially fascioliasis was 30.37% (Kabir et al 2010). Fascioliasis is reported to be one