Presentation of Covid 19 Patients with and without Diabetes Arzu Gunturk, Abidin Yusuf Kavurmaci*, Ferda Kartufan, Hanife Esra Gumus, Adnan Ezici, Pinar Ciragil, Sibel Bolukcu and Yasar Kucukardali Department of Internal Medicine, Yeditepe University Hospital, Turkey Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Review Article *Corresponding author: Abidin Yusuf Kavurmaci, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeditepe University Hospital, Turkey Submission: March 1, 2021 Published: April 15, 2021 Volume 7 - Issue 2 How to cite this article: Arzu Gunturk, Abidin Yusuf Kavurmaci*, Ferda Kartufan, Hanife Esra Gumus, Adnan Ezici, Pinar Ciragil, Sibel Bolukcu, Yasar Kucukardali. Presentation of Covid 19 Patients with and without Diabetes. Nov Res Sci. 7(2). NRS. 000659.2021. DOI: 10.31031/NRS.2021.07.000659 Copyright@ Abidin Yusuf Kavurmaci, This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. 1 Novel Research in Sciences Introduction The current pandemic of SARS-CoV2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a particular challenge for diabetes patients. Diabetes mellitus predisposes the disease’s severe course and doubles the COVID-19 mortality risk due to pulmonary and cardiac involvement [1]. However, diabetes mellitus is an independent predictor of admission to intensive care unit or invasive ventilation or death in COVID-19 [2]. Besides, diabetes patients often suffer from comorbid- ities which further worsen clinical outcomes. Glycemic control during infectious diseases is often suboptimal, and anti-diabetic drugs and insulin therapy have to be adapted accordingly. The high prevalence of diabetes makes it essential comorbidity in patients with COVID-19. Individuals with diabetes are more prone to several infections. These infections may result in less well-controlled diabetes. Multiple pathophysiological explanations can be put forward supporting the association between DM and COVID-19 severity. Numerous factors contrib- ute to the immune dysfunction in individuals with diabetes, including hyperglycemia, neu- trophil chemotaxis inhibition, altered cytokine production, phagocytic cell dysfunction, im- paired T-cell mediated immune responses and ineffective microbial clearance. This review article aimed to summarize the current knowledge about the relationship between diabetes and COVID-19 and its role in these patients’ outcomes. The study aims to investigate whether there is a difference between patients with and without diabetes in terms of the initial symp- toms of the disease, laboratory values, duration of hospitalization, and rates of admission to intensive care. Material and Method This study was conducted on 109 patients diagnosed with covid-19, hospitalized, and treated at Yeditepe University Hospital between 15 March 2020 - 30 May 2020. There is no distinction between women and men. The age range is 18-85 years. Approved was obtained Ministry of Health and University ethics committee. Inclusion criteria a. Correct diagnosis of covid 19 Abstract The presence of diabetes mellitus is one of the critical risk factors for covid 19. In this study, laboratory values and outcomes of symptoms of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were compared retrospectively. One hundred ten patients (90 nondiabetics, 20 diabetics) were included in the study. The mean age was higher in the diabetic group (64 vs. 53 years) (p=0.02). Only dyspnea was higher in the diabetic group (50 vs 25%) (p=0.008). In the comparison of basal laboratory values, the number of leukocyte neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes was higher in the diabetic group (p<0.05). The decrease in hemoglobin and lymphocyte counts were found to be higher in the diabetic group in the follow-up of the laboratory values performed every two days (p<0.05). The length of stay in the intensive care unit was longer in diabetic patients (20 vs. 7 days) (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the glucose level and the number of leukocytes only (r: 0.4 p=0.009) and neutrophils (r: 0.41 p=0.07). The steroid use rate was 18% in the diabetic group and 7% in the non-diabetic group, but the difference was not statistically significant. (p>0.05). The average age of the diabetic covid patient group, the frequency of shortness of breath, the duration of intensive care stay was higher, and the decrease in lymphocytes and hemoglobin was higher. Keywords: Diabetes; Hyperglycemia; Infections; Covid 19; Hemoglobin; Lymphocyte; Erythrocyte