UNCORRECTED PROOF
Journal : Large 425 Dispatch : 27-1-2014 Pages : 13
Article No : 2031 ¨ LE ¨ TYPESET
MS Code : PLAA-D-13-00697 þ CP þ DISK
1 3
Planta
DOI 10.1007/s00425-014-2031-4
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Differential expression of the brassinosteroid receptor-encoding
BRI1 gene in Arabidopsis
Lidia Hategan · Blanka Godza · Laszlo Kozma-Bognar ·
Gerard J. Bishop · Miklos Szekeres
Received: 7 November 2013 / Accepted: 15 January 2014
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
the wild phenotype, expression from the photosynthesis-
associated CAB3 and the vasculature-specific SUC2 and
ATHB8 promoters resulted in plants with varying morpho-
genic defects. Our results reveal complex differential regu-
lation of BRI1 expression, and suggest that by influencing
the distribution and abundance of the receptor this regula-
tion can enhance or attenuate BR signalling.
Keywords Ectopic expression · Hormone susceptibility ·
Phytohormone · Reporter gene
Abbreviations
BR Brassinosteroid
BL Brassinolide
CS Castasterone
DD Continuous dark
LD Light–dark cycles
LL Continuous light
DAG Days after germination
LUC Firefly luciferase
GUS β-Glucuronidase
Introduction
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are polyhydroxylated steroid hor-
mones that control plant development from germination
to seed production (Clouse and Sasse 1998; Haubrick
et al. 2006). The biologically active BRs castasterone
(CS) and brassinolide (BL) are perceived by the plasma
membrane-localized leucine-rich repeat receptor-like
kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1)
(Li and Chory 1997), which then initiates a phosphoryla-
tion/dephosphorylation-based signalling cascade that con-
trols the transcriptional activity of BR-responsive genes.
Abstract Brassinosteroid (BR)-regulated growth and
development in Arabidopsis depends on BRASSINOS-
TEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), the BR receptor that
is responsible for initiating the events of BR signalling.
We analysed the temporal and spatial regulation of BRI1
expression using stable transgenic lines that carried BRI1
promoter:reporter fusions. In both seedlings and mature
plants the tissues undergoing elongation or differentia-
tion showed elevated BRI1 gene activity, and it could be
demonstrated that in the hypocotyl this was accompanied
by accumulation of the BRI1 transcript and its receptor
protein product. In seedlings the BRI1 promoter was also
found to be under diurnal regulation, determined primarily
by light repression and a superimposed circadian control.
To determine the functional importance of transcriptional
regulation we complemented the severely BR insensitive
bri1-101 mutant with a BRI1-luciferase fusion construct
that was driven by promoters with contrasting specificities.
Whereas the BRI1 promoter-driven transgene fully restored
L. Hategan and B. Godza contributed equally to this work.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s00425-014-2031-4) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
L. Hategan · B. Godza · L. Kozma-Bognar · M. Szekeres (*)
Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
e-mail: szekeres@brc.hu
G. J. Bishop
Division of Biology, Imperial College London,
London SW7 1AZ, UK
Present Address:
G. J. Bishop
East Malling Research, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK
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